I 中文摘要 小微企业的数量在国家政策的扶持下逐渐增多，发展速度逐渐变快，同时小 微企业面临着许多管理问题需要解决，如：员工工作热情度不高、幸福感水平较 低，导致小微企业留不住人才，人才流失严重。本文正是以此为切入点，以小微 企业员工作为研究对象，通过国内外文献欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司的搜集整理，选取适合小微企业员 工幸福感及其影响因素的相关成熟量表编制出最终问卷，对小微企业员工幸福感 及其影响因素进行深入调查，并运用 SPSS20.0 对所收集的 354 份有效问卷进行 统计分析，并对问卷的选取进行信度与效度的检验。员工幸福感量表包含：情感、 过程、认知、自主需求、关系需求、胜任需求 6 个维度；变革型领导量表包含： 德行垂范、愿景激励、个性化关怀、领导能力 4 个维度；社会支持量表包含：客 观支持、主观支持、对社会支持的利用 3 个维度；一般自我效能感量表、薪酬福 利量表、组织支持感量表均为单维。最终本文得出结论：员工个体情况对其幸福 感存在差异性；一般自我效能感、薪酬福利、组织支持感、变革型领导、社会支 持均与小微企业员工幸福感存在显著的正相关关系。最后，针对本研究所论证出 对幸福感影响因素的相关结果，分别在个体、组织、群体角度提出具有针对性与 实践性意义的建议与对策。 关键词：小微企业；组织支持感；员工幸福感黑龙江大学硕士学位论文 II Abstract With the support of national policies, the number of small and micro enterprises is increasing and the development speed is gradually getting faster. At the same time, small and micro enterprises are facing many management problems to be solved, such as: low enthusiasm of employees and low level of happiness, which lead to small and micro enterprises not being able to retain talents and serious brain drain. This article takes this as the breakthrough point, takes the small and micro enterprise staff as the research object, through the domestic and foreign literature collection, selects the related mature scale which suits the small and micro enterprise employee well-being and its influence factor to prepare the final questionnaire, carries on the thorough investigation to the small and micro enterprise employee well-being and its influence factor, and uses SPSS20.0 to carry on the statistical analysis to the 354 valid questionnaires which collected, and carries on the reliability and the validity test to the questionnaire selection. The employee well-being scale includes six dimensions: emotion, process, cognition, independent demand, relationship demand and competence demand. The transformational leadership scale includes four dimensions: moral integrity, vision motivation, personalized care and leadership ability. The social support scale includes objective support, subjective support and utilization of social support. General self-efficacy scale, compensation and welfare scale and organizational support scale are all single-dimensional. The final concludes:the individual situation of employees has differences on their happiness.General self-efficacy, compensation and welfare, sense of organizational support, transformational leadership and social support are all significantly positively correlated with small and micro enterprise employee well-being. Finally, according to the relevant results of this research on the influencing factors of happiness, suggestions and countermeasures with pertinence and practical significance are put forward from the individual, organization and group perspectives respectively. Key words: Small and micro enterprises; Sense of organizational support;employee well being目录 III 目录 中文摘要...........................................................................................................................I Abstract.............................................................................................................................II 绪论.................................................................................................................................. 1 一、研究背景.....................................................................................................1 二、研究目的及意义.........................................................................................2 三、国内外研究现状.........................................................................................3 四、研究内容.....................................................................................................5 五、研究方法.....................................................................................................6 六、研究的创新点.............................................................................................7 第一章 理论基础............................................................................................................ 8 第一节 幸福感相关理论界定................................................................................. 8 一、幸福感的概念.............................................................................................8 二、员工幸福感概念.........................................................................................9 第二节 员工幸福感的结构维度、测量及影响因素........................................... 10 一、幸福感的结构维度...................................................................................10 二、幸福感的测量工具...................................................................................10 三、幸福感的影响因素...................................................................................11 本章小结................................................................................................................. 12 第二章 小微企业员工幸福感的测量与分析.............................................................. 13 第一节 量表选择与样本描述............................................................................... 13 一、量表的选取与数据的收集.......................................................................13 二、变量的测量与描述...................................................................................14 第二节 问卷的信度与效度分析........................................................................... 15 一、小微企业员工幸福感量表信度分析.......................................................15黑龙江大学硕士学位论文 IV 二、小微企业员工幸福感量表效度分析.......................................................16 第三节 小微企业员工幸福感测量结果分析....................................................... 17 一、小微企业员工幸福感状况.......................................................................17 二、小微企业员工幸福感的差异性分析.......................................................18 本章小结................................................................................................................. 21 第三章 小微企业员工幸福感的影响因素.................................................................. 22 第一节 研究假设的提出....................................................................................... 22 第二节 量表的选取与问卷调查........................................................................... 25 一、量表选取...................................................................................................25 二、问卷调查与分析.......................................................................................26 第三节 小微企业员工幸福感影响因素的假设验证........................................... 29 一、小微企业员工幸福感与各影响因素的相关性分析...............................30 二、小微企业员工幸福感与各影响因素的多元回归分析...........................34 第四节 小微企业员工幸福感影响因素的结果讨论........................................... 36 一、相关分析结果讨论...................................................................................36 二、多元回归分析结果与讨论.......................................................................37 本章小结................................................................................................................. 38 第四章 小微企业员工幸福感的提升策略.................................................................. 39 第一节 个体角度的提升策略............................................................................... 39