摘要
我国的煤矿企业己经连续多年出现亏损情况,煤炭产能严重过剩,煤矿企业
平均资产负债率已达到最近几年的最高水平。煤矿企业大量亏损、资产负债严重,
企业没有足够的资金购买新设备,这严重影响了与之密切相关的煤矿机械制造企
业的生产和经营。我国煤矿机械制造企业大多数只能从事一些技术水平相对较低
的产品的仿制工作,没有能力从事新产品的研发,中高端技术相对比较落后。为
了保证市场的占有率煤矿机械制造企业生产的产品长期低价销售,这大大减少煤
矿机械制造企业的利润,甚至有些企业出现亏损运营的局面。企业资金紧张,没
有足够的资金进行新产品的研发,形成了恶性循环,再加上企业又存在人员流失
严重的问题,使得我国的煤矿机械制造企业在市场上缺乏竞争力

本文以J公司为例,以员工流失理论和需求理论为指导,运用调查研宄方法基
于需求的视角进行研究。第一章简要阐述了选题的背景并对国内外研宄员工流失
问题的代表性成果进行了比较深入的研究和分析。第二章对员工流失的相关概念
进行了界定,并详细的阐述了相关的理论。第三章对J公司的基本情况和人力资源
现状进行了介绍,并对J公司员工流失情况和特点进行了分析。第四章根据己有的
研究基础基于需求视角针对J公司的员工流失状况设计调查问卷,并对调查问卷的
结果进行分析,得出J公司员工流失的主要原因。第五章对员工流失的具体原因分
别提出有针对性的解决措施,包括完善企业招聘体系满足员工对合适的工作岗位
的需求、完善企业的薪酬福利体系满足员工对合理的工资和福利待遇的需求、建
立合理有效的绩效考核体系满足员工对良好的绩效考核的需求、完善企业的激励
制度满足员工对良好的的激励制度的需求、建立完善的培训体系满足员工对培训
的需求、加强企业的文化建设满足员工对上级领导关心的需求、完善企业的离职
管理制度满足员工对离职管理的需求等。第六章是结论和展望

关键词:煤矿机械制造企业;员工流失;需求视角
I Abstract
China’s coal mining enterprises have been losing money for many years,the coal
production capacity is seriously surplus, and the average rate of assets and liabilities of
coal mining enterprises has reached the highest level in recent years. A large number of
coal mining enterprises,a serious loss of assets and liabilities,enterprises do not have
enough money to buy new equipment, which seriously affected the closely related with
the production and management of coal mine machinery manufacturing enterprises.
Most of China&39;s coal mine machinery manufacturing enterprises can only engage in
some of the relatively low level of product imitation work, the ability to engage in the
development of new products, high-end technology is relatively backward. In order to
ensure that the market share of coal mine machinery manufacturing enterprises to
produce long-term low price sales, which greatly reduce the profits of coal mine
machinery manufacturing enterprises, and even some enterprises operating losses.
Enterprise funds are tight; there is not enough money for research and development of
new products, forming a vicious line, coupled with the enterprise and the serious
problems of staff turnover, making China&39;s coal mine machinery manufacturing
enterprises lack of competitiveness in the market.
In this paper, taking J Company as an example, based on the theory of employee
turnover and demand theory, using the method of investigation and research, the
research is conducted from the perspective of demand. The first chapter briefly
describes the background of the topic and the domestic and foreign research on the
representative of the problem of employee turnover in a more in-depth study and
analysis. The second chapter defines the concept of employee turnover and employee
turnover,and elaborates the related theories in detail. In the third chapter,the author
introduces the basic situation and the present situation of human resources of J
Company, and analyzes the situation and characteristics of J company employee
turnover. In the fourth chapter, according to the existing research foundation, this paper
designs a questionnaire for the J Company’s employee turnover based on the demand
perspective, and analyzes the results of the questionnaire, and concludes the main
reasons of J company employee turnover. The fifth chapter of the specific reasons for
III the loss of staff were proposed targeted measures, including perfecting the enterprise
recruitment system to meet the staff of the appropriate job requirements, improve the
enterprise welfare system to meet the employees of reasonable wages and welfare needs,
establish a reasonable and effective performance appraisal system to meet the staff of
good performance appraisal the demand, improve the incentive system of the enterprise
staff to meet the good incentive system needs, establish the perfect training system to
meet the training needs of staff, strengthen the building of enterprise culture to meet the
staff of the superiors care needs, improve enterprise management system to meet the
employee turnover management needs.
Keywords: Coal mine machinery manufacturing enterprise; Employee turnover;
Demand perspective
IV 目录
m ^ I
Abstract Ill
第1章绪论 1
1.1选题背景和意义1.1.1选题背景1.1.2选题意义1.2文献综述1.2.1国外文献1.2.2国内文献1.2.3文献述评1.3研宄内容、框架和方法1.3.1研宄内容1.3.2研究框架1.3.3研宄方法1.4主要贡献和仓ij新第2章概念界定与理论基础2.1主要概念界定2.1.1员工流失2.2理论基础2.2.1马斯洛的需求层次理论2.2.2公平理论2.2.3双因素理论2.2.4 场论2.2.5马奇和西蒙模型第3章J公司员工流失现状分析3.1 J公司概况3.1.1公司简介V 3.1.2公司组织结构3.1.3企业文化3.1.4企业目标3.2 J公司人力资源现状3.2.1公司人力资源状况3.2.2公司目前的人力资源管理情况3.3 J公司员工流失现状分析
21
3.4员工流失产生的负面影响
24
3.4.1对企业造成的影响
24
3.4.2对离职员工造成的影响
27
第4章基于需求视角的J公司员工流失问卷调查及结果分析.........29
4.1基于需求视角的调查问卷的设计
29
4.2调查问卷的发放与数据回收
29
4.3调查问卷分析
30
4.3.1信度分析
30
4.3.2效度分析
30
4.3.3因子分析
31
4.4 J公司员工需求分析
37
4.5 J公司员工流失原因分析
38
4.5.1员工的基本需求没有得到满足
38
4.5.2员工收入和其他同事之间良好的关系需求没有得到满足
41
4.5.3员工对公司提供的良好的环境的需求没有得到满足
43
第5章基于需求视角的J公司员工流失对策研究
45
5.1完善企业招聘体系满足员工对合适的工作岗位的需求
45
5.1.1明确需要招聘的具体岗位和岗位的具体要求
45
5.1.2构建优秀的招聘队伍
45
5.1.3完善招聘渠道
46
5.1.4进行有效的面试
46
5.2完善企业的薪酬福利体系满足员工对合理的工资和福利待遇的需求......46
5.2.1完善企业的薪酬体系
47
5.2.2完善企业的福利体系
48
VI 5.3建立合理、有效的绩效考核体系满足员工对良好的绩效考核的需求......49
5.3.1制定合理的绩效考核目标
49
5.3.2设置合理的绩效考核指标
49
5.3.3每月进行一次绩效考核评估
50
5.3.4绩效考核结果要合理的运用
50
5.4完善企业的激励制度满足员工对良好的的激励制度的需求
50
5.4.1运用好物质激励
51
5.4.2重视精神激励
51
5.4.3加强激励制度的公平性
52
5.4.4对于表现优秀的员工优先晋升
52
5.5建立完善的培训体系满足员工对培训的需求
52
5.5.1营造良好的学习氛围
52
5.5.2深入了解员工的培训需求
53
5.5.3重视内部培训
53
5.5.4加强外部培训
53
5.5.5建立有效的约束机制减少员工流失风险
.54
5.6加强企业的文化建设满足员工对上级领导关心的需求
54
5.6.1坚持“以人为本”营造良好的企业文化氛围
55
5.6.2建立、健全沟通渠道
55
5.6.3营造上级领导关心员工的氛围
55
5.7完善企业的离职管理制度满足员工对离职管理的需求
56
5.7.1做好离职员工的面谈工作
56
5.7.2为离职的员工建立离职档案
56
5.7.3建立人才返聘制度
56
第6章结论和展望
59
6.1主要结论
59
6.2研宄展望
60
附录 61
参考文献 67
& ￥ 71
攻读学位期间研究成果
72
vn 第1章绪论
第1章绪论
1.1选题背景和意义
1.1.1选题背景
我国的煤炭欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司己陷入困境多年,2015年,煤炭企业亏损已经超过八成。根
据数据显示,按照2015年我国煤炭消费量35亿吨进行估算,我国煤炭产能过剩
高达22亿吨,而且目前煤炭欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司的平均资产负债率己达到67.7%,处于近几年来
的最高水平,且因为产能过剩非常严重,煤炭欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司在短期内很难反转,煤炭企业
的亏