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2022年6月5日
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2022年6月5日
海洋产业资本配置效率评价及影响因素的研究—基于
涉海上市企业的经验数据
摘要
促进海洋产业高质量发展,是中国政府为实现由“海洋大国”变为“海洋强
国”的重要战略计划,对于海洋产业而言,海洋资源的稀缺是发展海洋产业的阻
碍,因为海洋产业的发展必定需要投入资本并不断地积累,但资本积累是有限的,
资源供不应求才是海洋产业发展的常态。面对资本有限的困境,升级产业资金配
置效率已成为促进海洋产业发展、质量和效益的关键,换句话说要想产生投入产
出的积极效应,则必须进行资本的高效配置,因为高资本配置效率对海洋经济增
长具有重要贡献。然而,当前海洋产业发展面临资本配置不合理、资本边际收益
差异化等突出问题,对此如何有效提高资本配置,让其有限的资本合理配置到海
洋产业各子欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司内,解释为什么有的产业资本配置效率高,有些产业资本配置效
率低的问题,到底是什么影响着资本配置的效率呢,这些都是海洋产业亟待解决
的问题。
文章首先从海洋产业的发展现状出发,洞察海洋产业发展过程中存在的优势
与发展的阻碍,借助 Wurgler资本配置效率测度模型,搜集与从事海洋产业的上
市公司的欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司作为研究数据,以整体海洋产业和各细分欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司为参考,利用变系数
固定效应面板模型进行测算效率,运用随机前沿模型、“两步法”计量影响因素,
最后利用面板 PCSE模型对所有影响因素进行分析。结果表明:当前海洋产业资
本配置效率整体不高;技术效率可以促进资本配置效率变高,融资约束会降低资
本配置效率。为达到海洋产业走高质量发展的路径,应从增强海洋产业技术效率、
缓解产业融资约束及政府引导等方面改善海洋产业资本配置效率。
关键词:海洋产业;资本配置效率;Wurgler模型;面板数据
I
Research on the efficiency evaluation and influencing
factors of capital allocation in marine industry --
Based on the empirical data of listed companies
involved in marine industry
Abstract
Promoting the high-quality development of the marine industry is an important
strategic plan of the Chinese government to realize the transformation from a "large
marine country" to a "powerful marine country". For the marine industry, the scarcity
of marine resources is an obstacle to the development of the marine industry, because
the developmentof themarine industry mustinvest capitaland accumulate
continuously, but the capital accumulation is limited, and the shortage of resources is
the norm of the development of the marine industry. Facing the dilemma of limited
capital, upgrading the efficiency of industrial capital allocation has become the key to
promote the development, quality and efficiency of marine industry. In other words, in
order to produce the positive effect of input and output, we must carry out efficient
capital allocation, because high capital allocation efficiency makes an important
contribution to marine economic growth. However, at present, the development of
marine industry is faced with prominent problems such as unreasonable capital
allocation and differential marginal income of capital. How to effectively improve the
capital allocation, reasonably allocate its limited capital to all sub industries of marine
industry, and solve the problems of why some industries have high capital allocation
efficiency and some industries have low capital allocation efficiency. What affects the
efficiency of capital allocation, These are urgent problems to be solved in the marine
industry.
Firstly, starting from the development status of the marine industry, this paper
has an insight into the advantages and obstacles existing in the development process
of the marine industry. With the help of Wurglercapital allocation efficiency
measurement model, this paper collects the data of listed companies engaged in the
marine industry asresearch data, takes the overallmarine industry and each
subdivided industry as a reference, uses the variable coefficient fixed effect panel
model to calculate the efficiency, and uses the random preface model The "two-step
method" measures the influencing factors. Finally, the panel PCSE model is used to