摘要
摘要
差错的无法避免性通常为组织造成消极的影响,组织也会采取相关措施进行
预防。但是差错也有正面的影响,如促进学习、创新等。若是组织能将差错纳入
日常管理,就能使这种接近无意识的随机发展方式转变的更加系统化,有助于组
织迅速成长。Dyck等人引用“氛围”的内涵将差错管理应用于组织建设,认为组
织可通过差错管理氛围创设形成个体的共享价值观念,进而影响组织内个体的行
为。而组织对待差错的态度及行为,很大程度上取决于不同的领导风格。
作为根植于中国社会文化传统的本土领导模式,家长式领导普遍存在于中国
组织,且发挥着独特的有效性。在中国集体主义文化氛围下,家长式领导对组织
的差错管理氛围应该会产生积极或消极的影响。家长式领导包含的仁慈、德行行
为会让员工感受到,对于在创新、探索的路上难免发生的差错,他们的领导依然
会给予鼓励并且做出教育指导。但是,家长式领导还包含威权领导行为,在这样
强调员工服从、专权独断的领导风格下工作的员工,自然因怕受到严厉的惩罚而
不去打破规则,甚至隐瞒己然发生的差错,导致差错因没有及时解决而终酿成大
错。这样的局面是企业不想看到的,所以,本文致力于己有研究的基础上,探讨
家长式领导对差错管理氛围的影响,以期为企业长期高效的发展提供管理建议。
本文以文献研究、问卷调查、实证分析为研究方法,通过互联网平台对辽宁
省内企业员工进行调查,经过一系列分析得出以下结论:家长式领导对差错管理
氛围存在显著影响,其中仁慈领导、德行领导对差错管理氛围显著正向影响;威
权领导对差错管理氛围的差错学习、差错思考维度显著正向影响,对差错能力与
差错沟通维度显著负向影响。同时,从人口统计学变量来看,被试者的年龄、受
教育程度、工作年限、所处职位、不同部门等均对差错管理氛围存在程度不同的
影响。针对此结论提出以下管理建议:减少弄权立威,仁慈德行先行;树立道德典
范,顺应时代潮流?,因时制宜,转换领导风格;转变差错防御,积极应对差错;
营造正向差错管理氛围,构建良好创新环境。
关键词:家长式领导;仁慈领导;德行领导;威权领导;差错管理氛围
英文摘要
ABSTRACT
The inevitability of errors usually has a negative impact on the organization,
which may lead the organization to take methods to prevent it. But, at the same time,
errors may also have positive impacts, such as promoting learning,deepening
innovation and so on. If an organization, in its daily management, can take errors into
consideration, it can make this almost unconscious random growth systematic, which
can help enterprises to grow rapidly. Dyck and other researchers, through the concept
of atmosphere, applying error management to the construction of organizations,
believe that organizations can, through the error management atmosphere, format
shared values of members, which will affect the behaviors of members of the
organization. While the attitude and behaviors of the organization to deal with errors,
will largely depend on the different leadership styles.
Paternalistic leadership, as a local leadership model deeply rooted in Chinese
social and cultural traditions, can widely be found in Chinese organizations and can
play a uniquely effective role. In the atmosphere of Chinese collectivist culture, the
paternalistic leadership should have a positive or negative impact on the organization&39;s
error management atmosphere. The patriarchal leadership, containing merciful and
moral behaviors, will make the staff feel that the mistakes may inevitably occur on the
road of innovation and exploration, and they will continue to be encouraged and
educated. However, the paternalistic leadership also includes authoritative leadership.
In this emphasis on staff obedience, authoritarian leadership style of work under, the
staff,for fear of being severely punished,naturally dare not to break the rules and may
even conceal the mistakes they have made, which may get worse to be a catastrophe if
those mistakes cannot be take care of in time. This situation is the last thing enterprises
want to see, so this paper, based on the existing research, explores the impact of
paternalistic leadership on the error management,so as to offer long-term and efficient
advice of development of enterprises.
This paper takes the literature research, the questionnaire survey and the empirical
英文摘要
analysis as the research method, and carries on the investigation to the enterprise
employees in the Liaoning Province through the Internet platform. Through a series of
analysis, the author draws the following conclusions: the patriarchal leadership has a
significant influence on the error management atmosphere; the authoritative leadership
has a significantly positive impact on learning from errors and thinking of errors in an
siror management atmosphere and a significantly negative impact on error-resilience
and communicating about errors. At the same time, from the demographic variables,
the age of the subjects, the degree of education, their positions, the industries in which
the enterprises are located, and the different departments in an enterprise have different
effects on the error management atmosphere. Based on the former facts, the following
nanagement recommendations are put forward: to reduce the abuse of power and to
3ut moral on the top priority; to set up moral examples and to follow the trend of times;
:〇 switch the style of leadership based on current facts; to prevent errors and to deal
A^ith errors actively and effectively; to create a positive error management environment
md to build a sound innovation environment.
Key Words: Paternalistic leadership; Benevolent leadership; Moral leadership;
\uthoritarian leadership; Error Management Climate
目 录
目录
第1章绪论
1
1.1研究背景及意义
1
1.1.1选题背景
1
1. 1. 2研究意义
2
1.2国内外研究现状
3
1. 2. 1家长式领导国内外研宄现状
3
1.2.2差错管理氛围国内外研究现状
5
1. 3研宄内容与方法
6
1.3. 1研究内容
6
1. 3. 2研宄方法
7
1. 4研究框架
8
第2章相关理论概述
9
2. 1家长式领导基础理论
9
2. 1. 1家长式领导提出背景
9
2. 1. 2家长式领导概念界定
9
2. 1. 3家长式领导有效性研究
11
2. 2差错管理氛围基础理论
12
2. 2. 1差错管理氛围概念界定
12
2.2.2差错管理氛围的测量
13
2.2. 3差错管理氛围的实证研宄
14
第3章研宄模型与研究假设
17
3. 1研宄模型
17
3. 2研究假设
18
3. 3本章小结
19
第4章研究设计与数据分析
20
4. 1问卷设计
20
4. 2变量设计与测量
21
4. 3数据收集与统计
22
4. 4本章小结
24
第5章实证分析
25
5. 1量表信度及效度分析
25
5. 1. 1量表信度分析
25
目 录
5. 1. 2量表效度分析
26
5. 2描述性统计分析
33
5.3人口统计学变量对结果变量的影响检验
34
5. 3. 1人口统计学变量(员工)对差错管理氛围影响检验
34
5. 3.2人口统计学变量(企业)对差错管理氛围影响检验
38
5.3.3人口统计学变量对差错管理氛围影响检验结果
40
5. 4变量相关分析和回归分析
41
5. 4. 1相关分析
41
5.4.2回归分析
43
5. 5本章小结
50
5. 5. 1假设检验汇总
50
5. 5. 2本章小结
51
第6章研究结论与展望
52
6. 1主要研究结论
52
6. 2管理建议
55
6. 3研究局限性
58
6. 4未来可拓展方向
59
参考文献 60
附录调查问卷
64
Ifc W 67
家长式领导对差错管理氛围的影响研宄
第1章绪论
1.1研究背景及意义
1.1.1选题背景
当今世界经济形势已进入深度调整期,并将延续复苏态势。与此同时,我国
进入经济发展新常态,虽总体保持平稳,但经济下行压力增大,转型升级、全面
深化改革刻不容缓。促进全球并推动我国经济强劲、可持续、平衡发展任重道远。
2016年在中国举办的二十国集团(G20)工商界活动(B20)是G20峰会的重要活
动,各国工商界加强交流、磋商,共同探讨发展之道,寻求解决问题的办法。哲
学上讲,世界是普遍联系的,企业的良性运转有利于国家经济的稳定发展,国家
经济的强劲有利于全球经济的平衡可持续。企业的发展是此次B20峰会的议题之
一
,企业的长足发展也将成为国家经济持续稳定发展的强大动力,那么企业如何
健康发展己是我国普遍关注的重要问题。企业作为组织的存在离不开个人,离不
开人才,更离不开管理人才的领导,那么作为领导如何做到发掘人才的潜力,守
住其忠心,运用其能力,最大程度地发挥其长处与创造力,化人力为资本,为企
业创造更大的价值?
随着技术的不断进步升级