长期以来,铁路运力和运能需求的矛盾非常突出,掩盖了人力资源薪酬制

度机制在市场竞争中的重要作用。经过2008年至2013年近5年铁路大规模建

设,新建线路陆续投入运营,铁路营业里程由2008年7.9万公里增加到2012

年的9.8万公里,特别是高速铁路的投入运营,使铁路运力与运能的矛盾明显

改善,局部地区甚至出现了运力富裕的情况。还本、付息、油、电成本随着巨

额投资不断增加,铁路企业的资金压力越来越大,负债已高达2. 66万亿元之多,

随着铁路建设的继续,负债毋在持续增加。特别是成立铁路总公司后,铁路系

统的市场主体地位更加突出/铁路职工对工资倍增计划的期望值越来越高,迫

切需要铁路企业改变现有经营管理模式,加强人力资源的管理,特别是用效果

最为明显的薪酬制度方式调动员工积极性,让每一名职工逐步树立市场、经营

意识,充分参与到市场竞争中去,迎合运输市场随着宏观经济大幅度波动的客

观现实,为铁路企业完成从“皇帝的女儿不愁嫁”向从航空、公路、水运等其

他运输方式占据的市场分“一杯羹”的转变,“必须提升企业的人力资源管理能

力,并将这种能力转化为企业在市场中的持久竞争优势,是一件事关企业生存

和发展的大事”,薪酬制度作为一种操作相对容易、见效快的管理方法,铁路企

业急需这方面的制度设计与之配套,才能实现企业经营战略,为铁路企业最终

实现市场化经营目标奠定基础。

关键词:薪酬制度,设计,铁路市场化经营

Abstract

For a long time, the contradiction between railway capacity and the requirement

is very prominent, covering up the importance of the salary incentive for human

resource in the market competition. After constructing railways for five years from

2008 to 2013,the total length of railway has increased from 79000km to 110000km

with lines put into operation in succession. Especially the high-speed railway, it

changes the contradiction between railway capacity and the requirement and the

railway capacity in some areas is even more than the demand. As the cost of debt,

interest payments, oil and electricity increase, railway enterprise's funding pressure is

much bigger than before. The debt has been nearly 2.66 trillion yuan. The more

railways are constructed, the more the debt is . After setting up the railway

corporation, the principal part of it in the market is much more obvious and members

of this corporation have more and more expectation for Wage doubling plan. It

demands for changing the existing management mode of railway enterprise and

strengthening the management of human resources. In this situation, the salary

incentive is the most obvious way to motivate the employees. It makes each employee

set up the consciousness of market and management gradually and fully participate in

market competition, helping the railway enterprise competing with the aviation,

highway, water transportation and other transportation way . We must improve the

management ability in human resources, and turn this ability into the lasting

competitive advantage of the enterprise. It is one thing related to the survival and

development of the enterprise. Salary incentive is a kind of management method

which is relatively easy to be operated and effective and the railway enterprises are in

urgent demand of this mechanism to adapt to the whole system, achieve the enterprise

management strategy and lay the foundation of the marketization management.

Key words: salary incentive, method, railway marketization management