摘要
新冠疫情发生以来，中小企业的发展也受到了不同程度的冲击和影响，习近
平疫情期间在浙江考察时就谈到：我国中小企业有灵气、有活力，擅于迎难而上，
自强不息。在我国，中小企业缴纳了近 50%的税收和解决了 80%的就业，是扩
大就业、改善民生的重要力量，因此，想要促进经济的迅速发展，离不开创业活
动，创业活动的开展是推动经济发展和技术创新的主力军。在创业韧性与商业模
式创新的相关研究中，都涉及了经济绩效的增长话题。创业韧性是创业者在困难
和挑战面前的恢复能力，被描述为创业者管理困难的个人和市场条件以及不稳定
事件以及面向未来的能力，这种能力对于组织的影响是十分重要的。同样的，商
业模式创新也被认为是公司绩效的重要前因之一。因此，本文尝试通过对中小企
业创业者或者创业团队的核心成员进行问卷调查，实证分析创业韧性对于创业绩
效的影响。
本研究从高层梯队理论出发，以及对创业韧性以往研究的梳理，引入商业模
式创新作为中介变量，构建了“创业韧性——商业模式创新——创业绩效”理论
模型，在此模型的基础上提出了本文的研究假设，其中，本文从财务绩效和非财
务绩效两个方面评估衡量创业绩效。本文使用线上和线下两种方式对创业者和创
业团队的核心成员进行问卷发放、收集和整理，本文所借鉴的量表都是具有良好
信效度的量表，并且通过预调研对量表进行过修正，以适合中国情境。在线上线
下问卷发放结束后，对量表使用 SPSS 24与 AMOS 24对有效问卷进行相关数据
分析，得出以下结论：首先，创业韧性对于财务绩效与非财务绩效的正向影响均
成立，韧性这种人格特质可以直接对组织绩效产生影响。其次，验证了创业韧性
对于商业模式创新的正向影响作用，有韧性的创业者可以通过抑制负面思维来促
进创新。然后，验证了商业模式创新对于财务绩效与非财务绩效两个方面都正向
影响显著。最后，验证了商业模式创新在创业韧性与财务绩效、非财务绩效之间
的中介作用。
本文的研究成果不仅丰富了创业韧性的结果变量研究，还探究了商业模式创
新在创业韧性与创业绩效之间的中介效应，将创业者个人性格特质与组织结果进
行整合研究，分析其对创业绩效的影响，丰富和发展了高层梯队理论。从实践的
视角考虑，本文有助于创业者更好地了解创业韧性在创业中的作用，促进创业者
进行韧性的培养，使其乐观坚强的面对创业困难，给组织带来更多积极影响，最
终提升创业绩效。
关键词：创业韧性；商业模式创新；创业绩效；高层梯队理论
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Abstract
SincetheoutbreakoftheCOVID-19,thedevelopmentofsmalland
medium-sized enterprises has also been impacted and affected to varying degrees.
During his inspection in Zhejiang during the epidemic, Xi Jinping said: our country's
small and medium-sizedenterprises have aura,vitality, and are goodat facing
difficulties and self-improvement. In our country, small and medium-sized enterprises
pay nearly 50% of taxes and solve 80% of employment. They are an important force
in expanding employment and improving people's livelihood. Therefore, if we want to
promote rapid economic development, we cannot do without entrepreneurial activities
and the development of entrepreneurial activities. It is the main force to promote
economicdevelopment andtechnologicalinnovation.Thetopic ofgrowthin
economic performancehas beenaddressed in studiesrelated toentrepreneurial
resilienceandbusinessmodelinnovation.Entrepreneurialresilienceisan
entrepreneur's ability torecover in the face ofdifficulties and challenges. Itis
described asan entrepreneur'sability tomanage difficultpersonal andmarket
conditions, as well as unstable events, and to face the future, which is important for
organizational impact.Likewise, business model innovation is considered to be one
of the important antecedents of firm performance. Therefore, this paper attempts to
empiricallyanalyze theimpactof entrepreneurialresilienceon entrepreneurial
performance by conducting a questionnaire survey on SME entrepreneurs or core
members of entrepreneurial teams.
Starting from the theory of high-level echelon and combing past research on
entrepreneurial resilience, this study introducesbusiness model innovation as an
intermediaryvariable,andconstructsatheoreticalmodelof“entrepreneurial
resilience– businessmodelinnovation– entrepreneurialperformance”. The
research hypotheses of this paper are formulated, in which we evaluate and measure
entrepreneurial performance in terms of both financial performance and non-financial
performance. We use online and offline methods to distribute, collect and organize
questionnaires for entrepreneurs and core members of the entrepreneurial team. The
scales used in this paper are all scales with good reliability and validity, and are
measured through pre-research. The table has been revised to suit the Chinese context.
After the online and offline questionnaires were distributed, SPSS 24 and AMOS 24
was usedto analyze therelevant data ofthe effectivequestionnaires, and the
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following conclusions were drawn: First, entrepreneurial resilience has a positive
impact on both financial performance and non-financial performance.have a direct
impact on organizational performance.Second, it verifies thepositive effect of
entrepreneurial resilience on business model innovation. Resilient entrepreneurs can
promote innovation by suppressing negative thinking.Then, we verify that business
model innovation has a significant positive impact on both financial performance and
non-financial performance. Finally, the mediating role of business model innovation
between entrepreneurial resilience and financial and non-financial performance is
verified.
The research results of this paper not only enrich the research on the outcome
variables ofentrepreneurial resilience, butalso explore themediating effect of
business model innovation between entrepreneurialresilience and entrepreneurial
performance, integrateentrepreneurs’personal characteristicsand organizational
results, and analyze their impact on entrepreneurial performance. The influence of the
company has enriched and developed the high-level echelon theory. From a practical
perspective,thisarticlehelpsentrepreneursbetterunderstandtheroleof
entrepreneurial resilience in entrepreneurship, and promotes entrepreneurs to cultivate
resilience. It is optimistic and strong to face entrepreneurial difficulties and bring
more positive effects to the organization, and ultimately improve entrepreneurial
performance.
Keywords:Entrepreneurial
resilience;
Business
model
innovation;
Entrepreneurial performance; High-level echelon theory
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