I 摘要 随着我国经济发展进入新阶段，粗放型发展模式逐渐过渡为高质量发展模式，能源 生产结构更加多元合理，能源消费更加清洁集约，我国煤炭欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司发展的黄金期一去不复 返。单纯依靠粗放的发展模式已无法满足公司的发展需求，而且许多矿井经过多年的开 采已经接近枯竭。国有大型企业的性质又决定着公司承担着安置倒闭矿井职工的社会责 任，为了保持企业的可持续发展和持续的竞争力，煤炭企业不得不向其他领域开拓业务。 冀中能源集团是一家“以煤为主、多元发展” 的大型国有企业,虽然冀中能源集团很早 就尝试着多元化经营模式，但公司经营多年的多元化发展模式存在一些问题，该模式也 面临着严峻的考验，为适应当代社会的快速发展和提高集团在各个领域的竞争力，公司 各个业务板块应做出相应改进。 本文以多元化发展战略为理论基础，以对多元化业务组合分析为切入点，重点是确 定多元化战略改进方向，并制定相应措施。通过对冀中能源集团多元化发展历程的研究， 利用调查研究、收集相关数据等方法，运用ＰＥＳＴ等战略分析工具对企业所处的宏观 环境、企业内外部环境以及集团业务组合进行细致分析，指出冀中能源集团多元化战略 中存在的体制机制、盈利能力等方面存在的问题，提出了冀中能源集团多元化战略各业 务板块的改进目标及措施，同时制定了集团治理体系和管控能力、完善市场化经营机制、 提升精细化管理水平、推动资本运营、实施人才规划、优化科技创新项目管理等保障措 施。这些研究成果为集团提高多元化战略整体优势、提升企业经营绩效和竞争力、合理 分配企业资源、适应中国经济发展新常态提供了参考，对冀中能源集团多元化业务组合 战略实施具有指导性，为集团向具有全球竞争力世界一流企业迈进提供了理论支持和具 体方案，对其他想探索多元化发展道路的大型煤炭企业也有一定的借鉴意义。 关键词 煤炭资源 多元化 战略管理 改进措施河北大学硕士学位论文 II Abstract With China's economic development entering a new stage, the extensive development mode is gradually transiting to the high-quality development mode, the energy production structure is more diversified and reasonable, the energy consumption is more clean and intensive, and the golden period of China's coal industry development is gone forever. Simply relying on the extensive development mode has been unable to meet the development needs of the company, and many mines have been nearly exhausted after years of mining, the nature of large state-owned enterprises determines that the company undertakes the social responsibility of settling the employees of the closed mines, in order to maintain the sustainable development and sustainable competitiveness of the enterprise, the coal enterprises have to develop business in other fields. Jizhong energy group(JZEG) is a large-scale state-owned enterprise with "coal based and diversified development", Although JZEG has tried the diversified business model for a long time, there are some problems in the diversified development model of the company for many years, which is also facing a severe test. In order to adapt to the rapid development of contemporary society and improve the competitiveness of the group in various fields, each business segment of the company should make corresponding improvements. Based on the theory of diversified development strategy and the analysis of diversified business combination, this thesis focuses on determining the direction of diversification strategy improvement and formulating corresponding measures. Through the research on the diversified development process of JZEG, using the methods of investigation and data collection, using pest and other strategic analysis tools to analyze the macro environment, the internal and external environment of the enterprise and the business combination of the group in detail, this thesis points out the existing problems in the system mechanism, profitability and other aspects of the diversified strategy of JZEG This thesis puts forward the improvement objectives and measures for each business segment of the diversified strategy of JZEG, and at the same time, it formulates the group's governance system and management and英文摘要 III control ability, improves the market-oriented operation mechanism, improves the level of refined management, promotes capital operation, implements talent planning, and optimizes the management of scientific and technological innovation projects. These research results provide reference for the group to improve the overall advantages of diversification strategy, improve business performance and competitiveness, reasonably allocate enterprise resources, adapt to the new normal of China's economic development, guide the implementation of the diversified business portfolio strategy of JZEG, and provide theoretical support and specific programs for the group to move forward to a world-class enterprise with global competitiveness, It also has certain reference significance for other large-scale coal enterprises who want to explore the road of diversified development. Keywords Coal resources Diversification Strategic management Improvement measures河北大学硕士学位论文 IV 目 录 第一章 绪论.............................................................. 1 1.1 论文的研究背景.................................................... 1 1.2 论文的研究目的和意义.............................................. 2 1.2.1 论文的研究目的.............................................. 2 1.2.2 论文的研究意义.............................................. 2 1.3 国内外研究综述.................................................... 2 1.3.1 国外研究综述................................................ 2 1.3.2 国内研究综述................................................ 3 1.4 本文研究思路和方法................................................ 4 1.4.1 本文研究思路................................................ 4 1.4.2 本文研究方法................................................ 4 1.5 本文主要研究内容.................................................. 5 1.6 本文的特色与创新.................................................. 6 第二章 相关理论.......................................................... 7 2.1 多元化战略........................................................ 7 2.1.1 多元化战略概念.............................................. 7 2.1.2 产品多元化和市场多元换...................................... 7 2.1.3 相关多元化和非相关多元化.................................... 8 2.2 多元化战略动因.................................................... 8 2.3 多元化战略选择影响因素............................................ 9 2.4 战略分析工具..................................................... 10 2.4.1 PEST 分析 .................................................. 10目 录 V 2.4.2 波特五力模型............................................... 10 2.4.3 波士顿矩阵法............................................... 11 第三章 冀中能源集团经营环境分析.........................................12 3.1 冀中能源集团基本情况............................................. 12 3.1.1 冀中能源集团概况........................................... 12 3.1.2 冀中能源集团多元化发展历程................................. 12 3.1.3 冀中能源集团多元化主要业务................................. 13 3.2 宏观环境分析..................................................... 14 3.2.1 政治环境分析............................................... 14 3.2.2 经济环境分析............................................... 16 3.2.3 社会环境分析............................................... 17 3.2.4 科技环境分析............................................... 17 3.3 竞争环境分析..................................................... 18 3.3.1 供应商议价能力分析......................................... 18 3.3.2 购买者议价能力分析......................................... 19 3.3.3 潜在进入者分析............................................. 20 3.3.4 存在的替代品分析........................................... 20 3.3.5 欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司竞争分析............................................... 21 第四章 冀中能源集团多元化现状及存在的问题分析........................... 22 4.1 冀中能源集团多元化现状分析....................................... 22 4.1.1 煤炭采选业务现状分析....................................... 22 4.1.2 医药健康业务现状分析....................................... 23 4.1.3 物流业务现