作为一家大型的国有航空企业，中国东方航空公司在近几年随着国际化的进 程中，已经发展为全球第七大航空公司。伴随着公司航线和航班数的扩张，公司 对飞机维修人员的需求量也与日俱增，但飞机维修人才的培养是一个长周期且需 重金投入的工作，优秀的飞机维修人才更是凤毛麟角。在面临人才招聘难的困境 同时，公司现存的飞机维修人员也在陆续流失，导致飞行事故率上升、飞机完好 率下降以及飞行安全缺乏保障等。为解决这一难题，必须分析维修人员的流失原 因，并制定出行之有效的解决方案。 本文以中国东方航空公司上海虹桥维修基地维修人员的流失做为研究问题， 通过文献法、访谈法和问卷调查等方法，从维修人员的工作特性、公司内部管理 制度、人才发展、组织公平以及企业文化等角度对维修人员的流失问题进行深入 剖析。经调查研究发现造成维修人员流失的原因主要有以下几方面：一是生活成 本日益攀升，而薪酬福利水平较低；二是工作环境和工作设置存在问题，容易引 发职业病；三是职业发展空间不足，晋升及轮岗受限；四是公司整体薪酬分配上 公平性不足；五是企业文化建设不足，维修人员缺少归属感。结合MBA学习过 程中掌握的员工流失相关理论和文献，分别从薪酬福利、人才发展、招聘配置、 人才培训、员工关怀和组织文化等维度提出优化对策以降低维修人员流失率。最 终总结得出东航上海虹桥维修基地控制维修人员流失的对策主要有以下五点：第 一，打造科学的人才选聘体系；第二，完善薪酬体系和分配制度；第三，提供良 好的培训和提升空间；第四，加强企业文化建设；第五，重视员工关怀。 经过论证实施和效果评估，本研究提出的解决对策有效的降低了中国东方航 空公司虹桥维修基地维修人员的流失率，希望本文的研究分析也可以为民航欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司 类似公司提供借鉴和参考价值。 关键词：维修员工，流失，航空维修，对策 兰州大学硕士学位论文中国东方航空公司上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失问题与对策研究 II RESEARCHONTHEPROBLEMSAND COUNTERMEASURESOFMAINTENANCESTAFF LOSSINSHANGHAIHONGQIAOMAINTENANCE BASEOFCHINAEASTERNAIRLINES Abstract Asalargestate-ownedaviationcompany,ChinaEasternAirlineshasdeveloped intotheseventhlargestairlineintheworldinthecourseofinternationalizationin recentyears.Withtheexpansionofthecompany'sroutesandflights,thecompany's demandforaircraftmaintenancepersonnelisalsoincreasing,butthetrainingof aircraftmaintenancepersonnelisalong-termjob,andoutstandingaircraft maintenancepersonnelarerare.Inthefaceofthedifficultyofrecruitingtalents,the company'sexistingaircraftmaintenancestaffalsoresignedoneafteranother,resulting inalackofprotectionfortheflightsafetyoftheaviationmaintenancesystem,anda lackofprotectionforflightaccidentratesandaircraftintactrates.Inordertosolve thisproblem,itisnecessarytoanalyzethereasonsforthelossofmaintenance personnelanddevelopeffectivesolutions. ThisarticlewilltakethelossofmaintenancestaffatShangHaiHongqiao MaintenanceBaseofChinaEasternAirlinesastheresearchproblem,anduse literaturemethods,interviewmethodsandquestionnairestoinvestigatethe maintenancepersonnel’sworkingcharacteristics,thecompany’sinternalmanagement system,talentdevelopment,organizationaljustice,andcorporatecultureMakean in-depthanalysisoftheproblemoflossofmaintenancepersonnelatanequalangle. Theinvestigationandresearchfoundthatthemainreasonsforthelossof maintenancepersonnelareasfollows:first,therisingcostoflivingandlowlevelsof salaryandbenefits;second,thepoorworkingenvironment,whichislikelytocause occupationaldiseases;third,thelackofcareerdevelopmentspace,promotionandjob rotationislimited;thefourthisthelackoffairnessintheevaluationoftheposition 兰州大学硕士学位论文中国东方航空公司上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失问题与对策研究 III andtheoverallsalarydistributionofthecompany;thefifthisthelowemployee satisfactionandthelackofbelongingofmaintenancestaffbiningtheoriesand literaturerelatedtoemployeeturnoverlearnedintheMBAstudyprocess,wepropose optimizationmeasuresfromthedimensionsofcompensationandbenefits,talent development,recruitmentconfiguration,talenttraining,employeecare,and organizationalculturetoreducetheturnoverrateofmaintenancepersonnel.Finally concludethatthecountermeasurestocontrolthemaintenancestafflossinShanghai Hongqiaomaintenancebase,mainlyincludethefollowingfivepoints:First,createa scientifictalentrecruitmentsystem;second,improvethesalarysystem;third,improve talenttrainingsystem;fourth,strengthentheconstructionofcorporateculture;Fifth, emphasizeemployeecare. Afterdemonstratingimplementationandeffectevaluation,thecountermeasures proposedinthisstudyhaveeffectivelyreducedtheturnoverrateofmaintenance personnelatHongqiaoMaintenanceBaseofChinaEasternAirlines.Ihopethatthe researchandanalysisinthispapercanalsoprovidereferencevalueforsimilar companiesinthecivilaviationindustry. KEYWORDS:Maintenancestaff,Turnover,Aviation maintenance,Countermeasures 兰州大学硕士学位论文中国东方航空公司上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失问题与对策研究 IV 目录 中文摘要......................................................................................................I Abstract......................................................................................................II 第一章绪论................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景........................................................................................................1 1.2研究意义........................................................................................................2 1.3研究思路与方法............................................................................................3 1.3.1研究思路................................................................................................3 1.3.2研究方法................................................................................................3 1.3.3技术路线................................................................................................4 第二章相关理论综述...............................................................................5 2.1流失理论........................................................................................................5 2.1.1勒温的场论............................................................................................5 2.1.2卡兹曲线................................................................................................5 2.1.3Price-Mueller(2000)模型.......................................................................5 2.2激励理论........................................................................................................7 2.2.1马斯洛的需求层次论............................................................................7 2.2.2赫兹伯格的双因素激励理论................................................................7 2.2.3亚当斯的公平理论................................................................................8 2.2.4维克托.弗雷的期望理论......................................................................8 第三章中国东方航空公司上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失现状及原 因分析........................................................................................................10 3.1中国东方航空公司简介..............................................................................10 3.2上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失现状分析..............................................10 3.2.1上海虹桥维修基地简介......................................................................10 兰州大学硕士学位论文中国东方航空公司上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失问题与对策研究 V 3.2.2上海虹桥维修基地维修人员现状......................................................12 3.2.3上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失现状..............................................13 3.2.4上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失的影响..........................................17 3.3上海虹桥维修基地维修人员流失原因调查..............................................18 3.3.1针对已流失员工的访谈......................................................................18 3.3.2针对在职员工的工作满意度调研......................................................22 3.4维修人员流失原因分析..............................................................................35 3.4.1外部环境因素......................................................................................35 3.4.2公司内部因素...................................................