I 摘要 随着国家碳中和、碳达峰和节能减排政策的实施，电厂在电力市场中的竞争 不断加剧，经营发展日趋艰难，对基层员工的要求越来越高，而压力源的多元化 导致基层员工的心理压力、工作压力不断增加，严格的操作规范和重复性工作的 欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司特点，使基层员工的情感精力不断被耗竭，人际关系紧张，进而产生职业倦 怠情绪。这不仅给员工带来身心损害，影响员工对工作的投入和对企业的忠诚， 更为企业的健康发展和经济效益埋下了隐患。 本文以J电厂基层员工为研究对象，采用修改后的MBI量表，通过调查问 卷、面对面访谈、统计分析的方式探讨基层员工职业倦怠的现状并分析了以人口 统计变量为基础的差异性。根据企业实际状况，从组织层面和个人层面两个方面 分析职业倦怠的具体影响因素。在此基础上，结合前人的研究成果和三维度模型 等相关理论，提出完善相关组织制度、个人积极面对压力等方式降低员工的工作 倦怠，提高工作的积极性。 本研究丰富了此领域的研究样本，探寻基层员工的倦怠现状，有效降低了企 业员工因动力不足、职业倦怠产生的消极影响，为类似的发电企业带来参考价值。 关键词：职业倦怠；基层员工；影响因素 Abstract II Abstract Withtheimplementationofnationalpoliciesoncarbonneutrality,carbon peaking,andenergysavingandemissionreduction,powerplants’competitioninthe electricitymarkethasintensified,businessdevelopmenthasbecomeincreasingly difficult,andtherequirementsforgrassrootsemployeeshavebecomehigherand higher,andthediversificationofpressuresourceshasledtoThepsychological pressureandworkpressureofgrassrootsemployeescontinuetoincrease.Thestrict operatingstandardsandtheindustrycharacteristicsofrepetitiveworkhavecausedthe emotionalenergyofgrassrootsemployeestobecontinuouslyexhausted,interpersonal tensions,andjobburnout.Thisnotonlybringsphysicalandmentaldamageto employees,butalsoaffectsemployees'investmentinworkandloyaltytothecompany. Italsolaysdownhiddendangersforthehealthydevelopmentandeconomicbenefits ofthecompany. ThisarticletakesthegrassrootsemployeesofJPowerPlantastheresearch object,adoptstherevisedMBIscale,exploresthestatusquoofgrassrootsemployee burnoutthroughquestionnaires,face-to-faceinterviews,andstatisticalanalysis,and analyzesthedifferencesbasedondemographicvariables.Accordingtotheactual situationoftheenterprise,thespecificinfluencingfactorsofjobburnoutareanalyzed fromtwoaspects:theorganizationallevelandtheindividuallevel.Onthisbasis, combinedwithpreviousresearchresultsandthree-dimensionalmodelandother relatedtheories,proposedwaystoimprovetherelevantorganizationalsystemand personallyfacepressuretoreduceemployeeburnoutandimproveworkenthusiasm. Thisstudyenrichestheresearchsamplesinthisfield,exploresthecurrentstatus ofburnoutofgrassrootsemployees,effectivelyreducesthenegativeimpactof enterpriseemployeesduetolackofmotivationandjobburnout,andbringsreference valuetosimilarpowergenerationcompanies. Keywords:jobburnout;grassrootsemployees;influencingfactors 目录 III 目录 摘要····I Abstract··II 第1章绪论··············1 1.1研究背景及研究意义···········1 1.1.1研究背景·1 1.1.2研究意义·2 1.2国内外研究现状·················2 1.2.1国外研究现状·············2 1.2.2国内研究现状·············5 1.2.3研究述评·7 1.3研究内容及方法·················8 1.3.1研究内容·8 1.3.2研究方法·8 1.4研究思路········9 第2章理论基础·······11 2.1相关概念·······11 2.1.1基层员工·················11 2.1.2职业倦怠·················11 2.2职业倦怠相关理论·············12 2.2.1多维度理论··············12 2.2.2资源保存理论···········12 2.2.3匹配理论·················13 2.2.4库克曲线理论···········13 2.2.5结果变量理论···········13 2.2.6其他理论·················14 2.3职业倦怠的测量················15 2.3.1MBI量表·················15 2.3.2MBI-GS量表·············15 2.3.3BM量表16 2.4本章小结·······16 目录 IV 第3章J电厂基层员工职业倦怠现状调查分析····17 3.1J电厂及基层员工基本情况··17 3.1.1J电厂简介················17 3.1.2基层员工基本情况·····17 3.2职业倦怠现状的调查··········17 3.2.1调查问卷的设计········18 3.2.2访谈的设计··············18 3.2.3调查对象的说明········18 3.3调查结果分析·22 3.3.1总体现状·················22 3.3.2基于人口统计变量的职业倦怠差异分析··············23 3.4本章小结·······27 第4章J电厂基层员工职业倦怠的影响因素分析·28 4.1职业倦怠的组织层面分析···28 4.1.1工作责任重、超负荷··28 4.1.2职业发展前景不清晰··29 4.1.3薪酬分配不合理········29 4.1.4组织支持不完善········31 4.1.5职责不清·················32 4.1.6人际关系紧张···········33 4.1.7工作家庭冲突···········34 4.2职业倦怠的个人层面分析···34 4.2.1基于人口统计变量的因素分析········35 4.2.2应对压力方式···········37 4.3本章小结·······37 第5章J电厂基层员工职业倦怠的应对策略·······38 5.1组织层面的应对策略··········38 5.1.1基于人口统计变量的差异化管理·····38 5.1.2强化人岗匹配降低工作负荷···········39 5.1.3构建职业生涯规划消解职业高原·····39 5.1.4完善薪酬考核降低职业倦怠···········39 5.1.5岗位轮换增加组织支持·················41 5.1.6明确岗位职责降低角色压力···········41 5.1.7建立和谐环境缓解人际关系···········42 目录 V 5.1.8健全员工帮助计划·····42 5.1.9健立完善的员工培训机制··············43 5.2个人层面的应对策略··········43 5.2.1基于人口统计变量的差异化对策·····43 5.2.2培养积极的应对方式··44 5.3本章小结·······45 结论····46