随着三次采油的推广和应用，出现了越来越多的注入困难井。对注入困难井定期洗 井可以起到有效解堵的效果，但洗井会产生大量的含聚废液。含聚废液成分复杂，其中 含有大量聚合物、固体杂质、金属离子和细菌等，一旦进入污水处理系统则会严重影响 系统的正常运行。而且分离出的聚合物无法固化并且污染环境，深埋也会对土壤产生污 染和影响，这样处理既无法根本消除对环境的污染，而且需要大量的成本。 本文利用含聚废液配制一定浓度的聚合物溶液，向溶液中加入交联剂和稳定剂，形 成可用于油田调剖的交联体系。通过考察不同配方形成凝胶体系的成胶时间和成胶强 度，优选最终使用的交联剂类型、聚合物浓度、聚交比和稳定剂浓度。对优选体系进行 室内试验，分析流体流动特性和调剖剂调剖效果。 研究结果表明，洗井产生的大量含聚废液虽然含有一定浓度的聚合物，但直接加入 交联剂后不能形成凝胶体系。将废液配制一定浓度的聚合物溶液后，溶液可以与柠檬酸 铬交联剂发生交联反应。体系中聚合物浓度、聚交比、稳定剂浓度均会影响凝胶体系的 成胶效果，基于现场实际及成本考虑，确定含聚废液配制调剖体系的配方：聚合物浓度 为 1400mg/L，聚交比为 30:1，稳定剂浓度为 800mg/L。对调剖体系进行流动特性实验 得出：体系可注入的最小岩心渗透率为 600×10 -3 μm 2 ；注入 0.1pv 的凝胶体系采收率增幅 最大。研究发现含聚废液中的残余聚合物和悬浮物对凝胶体系的封堵性能具有一定的积 极效果。 关键字：含聚废液，凝胶体系，柠檬酸铬交联剂，流动特性，渗透率东北石油大学工程硕士专业学位报告 III The feasibility of using the waste liquid containing polymer profile control research ABSTRACT With the promotion and application of tertiary oil recovery, there are more and more difficult injection Wells. To inject difficult well regular wash well can act as efficient solution plugging effect, but wash well will produce a lot of washing well fluid flowback. Wash well flowback fluid composition is complicated, which contains a lot of polymer, solid impurities, such as metal ions and bacteria, once in the sewage treatment system will seriously affect the normal operation of the system. And polymer cannot be isolated from the curing and pollute the environment, buried deep on soil pollution and influence, this kind of treatment is impossible to eliminate the pollution to the environment, but also need a lot of costs. In this paper the well-flushing fluid flowback preparation a certain concentration of polymer solution, adding to the solution, crosslinking agent and stabilizer formation can be used in the oil field profile control system of crosslinking. By investigating different formula form gel system of gel time and gel strength, optimizing the final use of polymer concentration, polymer concentration ratio and stabilizer. A laboratory test of optimization system, analysis of fluid flow characteristics and profile control agent profile control effect. The research results show that wash well produce a lot of washing well although flowback fluid containing a certain concentration of polymer, but directly after joining crosslinking agent could not form gel system. Will waste liquid preparation, after a certain concentration of polymer solution can solution and citric acid chrome crosslinking agent of crosslinking reaction. System of polymer concentration, polymer cross ratio, stabilizer concentration will affect the gel effect of gel system, based on the actual and the cost consideration, determine the formula containing polyethylene waste liquid dispensing profile control system: polymer concentration of 1400 mg/L, delivery ratio of 30:1, stabilizer concentration of 800 mg/L. Raises the profile control system flow characteristic experiment: the system can be injected into the minimum core permeability for 600×10 -3 μm 2 ; The biggest increase injection 0.1 pv of gel system recovery. The study found that residual polymer and suspended solids in waste liquid containing poly sealing characteristics of the gel system has certain positive effect. Keywords: wash well flowback, gel system, chromium citrate crosslinking agents, flow characteristics, permeabilities东北石油大学工程硕士专业学位报告 1 目 录 学位报告独创性声明......................................................I 学位报告使用授权声明....................................................I 摘要 ................................................................II ABSTRACT .............................................................III 目 录 .................................................................1 第一章 概 述..........................................................1 1.1 含聚废液的来源及特点 ................................................1 1.1.1 含聚废液的来源和危害.............................................1 1.1.2 含聚废液带来的新问题.............................................1 1.2 含聚废液稳定的影响因素 ..............................................2 1.2.1 影响含聚废液稳定的内部因素.......................................2 1.2.2 影响含聚废液稳定的外部因素.......................................2 1.3 调剖技术现状及其发展趋势 ............................................4 1.3.1 调剖堵水国内外发展形式...........................................4 1.3.2 调剖堵水机理.....................................................5 1.3.3 调剖技术现状.....................................................5 1.3.4 调剖技术发展趋势.................................................7 1.4 调剖剂性能评价方法 ..................................................8 1.4.1 调剖剂的流变性...................................................8 1.4.2 调堵剂的稳定性...................................................9 1.4.3 调堵剂的岩心流动实验............................................10 1.5 聚合物含量的检测方法 ...............................................10 1.5.1 淀粉-碘化镉比色法...............................................11 1.5.2 浊度法..........................................................11 1.5.3 色谱法..........................................................12 1.5.4 超滤浓缩薄膜干燥法..............................................12 1.5.5 其它方法........................................................12 1.6 本报告的主要研究内容 ...............................................12 1.6.1 研究内容........................................................12 1.6.2 技术路线........................................................13 第二章 含聚合物废液组成分析及性能评价 .................................14 2.1 悬浮物含量测定 .....................................................14 2.1.1 主要仪器........................................................14 2.1.2 实验方法........................................................14 2.1.3 实验结果与讨....................................................14 2.2 含聚废液中悬浮物粒径测量 ...........................................14 2.2.1 主要仪器........................................................14 2.2.2 实验方法........................................................14 2.2.3 实验结果与讨论..................................................14目 录 2 2.3 悬浮物颗粒外观结构 .................................................15 2.3.1 主要仪器与试剂..................................................15 2.3.2 实验方法........................................................15 2.3.3 实验结果与讨论..................................................15 2.4 残留聚合物浓度测定 .................................................16 2.4.1 主要仪器与试剂..................................................16 2.4.2 实验原理与方法..................................................16 2.4.3 实验结果与讨论..................................................17 2.5 残留聚合物分子线团尺寸 DH ...........................................18 2.5.1 主要仪器与试剂..................................................18 2.5.2 实验方法........................................................18 2.5.3 实验结果与讨论..................................................18 2.6 残留聚合物黏均分子量 ...............................................19 2.6.1 主要仪器与试剂..................................................19 2.6.2 实验原理与方法..................................................19 2.6.3 实验结果与讨论..................................................20 2.7 含油量测