目 录
m m i
Abstract II
第一章绪论 1
—、船雕 i
二、研究背景 2
三、研究意义 6
四、研究方法与技术路线 7
第二章文献综述与理论基础 8
第二章文献综述与理论基础 9
一、国内外文献综述 9
二、主要理论基础 13
第三章上海酒店中职生员工职业生涯发展中的问题研究 16
一、酒店专业中职生员工职业生涯发展的调研概况 16
二、酒店专业在校中职生就业意向调研结果分析 19
三、酒店专业毕业中职生的从业情况调研结果分析 22
四、酒店专业中职生员工职业发展调研的结论与启示 28
第四章生涯教育对中职生员工职业发展影响的实证研究 31
一、上海南湖职校酒店专业的培养模式 31
二、酒店企业对该培养模式的评价 33
三、中职生员工对该培养模式的评价 34
四、实证研究的结论 37
第五章促进上海酒店业中职生员工职业生涯发展的建议 39
一、推动生涯教育在上海的发展 39
二、提升酒店中职生员工生涯发展能力 41
三、深化校企合作生涯辅导的内涵和形式 44
^ ife 48
参考文献 58
摘要
随着上海经济的强势发展,酒店业如雨后春笋迸发勃勃生机。作为酒店业中
一线专业技术人才和初、中级管理人才的主要来源,中等职业学校酒店专业的毕
业生已然成为酒店人力资源管理中重点关注的人群。中职毕业生酒店业就职前景
欠佳的状况连带引起报考中等职业学校酒店类专业生源的减少,并进一步导致酒
店从业人员从量到质的滑坡,这对酒店和中等职业学校来说都是一个严峻的问
题。本文以上海市南湖职业学校酒店专业近年来的毕业生为实证研究对象,探讨
生涯教育对酒店中职生员工的职业生涯发展的影响。通过论证酒店、中职校、中
职生三方联动关系,指出利益相关各方共同协调合作下的生涯教育是解决酒店中
职生员工发展问题的有效途径。最后对生涯教育这一理念在中国的落地提出了一
系列对策和建议。笔者的设想是:以生涯教育为核心,以员工的职业生涯发展为
基线,探讨在员工生涯准备期和生涯成熟期酒店和中等职业学校之间合作行为的
必要性和可行性,同时对合作方式进行分析和研究。本研究期望的是,借助欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司
的内部融合,通过酒店、学校和员工自身三方的努力,在欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司协同发展的背景下,
取得学校生源质量的提高、员工素质的提升、酒店效益的增幅和欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司健康的发展
文章分为五个部分:
第一部分阐述论题研究背景和意义,对文章中提到的概念加以说明和解读
第二部分是文献综述和理论回顾。从文献的综述和依据的理论两方面来说明
论题选定原因和依据
第三部分通过数据分析上海酒店业中职生员工的现状,包括准备进入酒店业
的中职生就业意向,在酒店从业的员工状态和离开酒店后的发展态势。通过对中
职生职业发展过程的观察和分析来说明该人群职业生涯发展过程中存在的问题
第四部分就发现的问题加以解析,通过对中等职业学校的生涯教育模式的探
讨提出解决问题的有效途径,以职校生生涯发展为轴线化解供需矛盾的角度来阐
述酒店、职校和中职生三方的共生关系
第五部分对酒店业中职生员工的生涯教育的发展提出建议,通过对全社会层
面的生涯教育在本土落地的呼吁、对提升员工生涯发展的自我效能感的建议以及
深化生涯教育中校企合作层面互动参与的探讨几个方面来展望酒店中职生员工
生涯发展的美好未来
关键词:酒店业,中职生员工,生涯教育,上海市南湖职业学校
中图分类号:F590
I
Abstract
With the economic development in Shanghai, the hotel industry spring up burst
of vitality. Early as first-line technical personnel and the main source of middle
management personnel in the hotel industry, graduates of secondary vocational
schools, has become the focus on the crowd in the Hotel Human Resource
Management. Inaugural prospects of graduates in the hotel industry associated with
poor situation caused by the reduction to apply for secondary vocational schools, and
further lead to the landslide of the hotel employees from quantity to quality. It is a
serious problems to both the hotel and secondary vocational schools. The article
choose Shanghai Nanhu vocational schools in the hotel's professional graduates in
recent years as the object of empirical research to explore the impact of the career
development of career education to the staff of the hotel vocational students. By
demonstrating tripartite linkage relations among Hotel, vocational school and
secondary vocational students,the author pointed out an effective way to solve the
career problem of vocational students staff in hotel though the stakeholders to jointly
coordinate the cooperation of career education. Finally, the article give a series of
countermeasures and suggestions about the concept of career education landing in
China The author's idea is: to explore the necessity and feasibility of cooperative
behavior between hotels and secondary vocational schools in staff career preparation
and career maturity with career development of employees as a baseline among career
education, then to analysis and research the cooperative way. Expectations in this
study is to obtain the improvement of the quality of school students, enhance the
quality of the staff and the increase in hotel-effective and industry health
developments through the efforts of the hotels, schools and its own staff tripartite
collaborative context of the development in the industry with the industry's internal
integration.
The article is divided into five parts:
The first part describes the background and significance of the thesis research, to
illustrate and interpret the concepts mentioned in the article.
The second part is a literature review and theoretical review, to illustrate the
causes and bases of topics selecting.
The third part is the analysis of the status of vocational students in the Shanghai
II
hotel industry employees, including the employment intentions of vocational students
preparing to enter the hotel industry, development trend that employees working in the
hotel industry and left the hotel industry. Through observation and analysis of the
career development process of vocational students, article will illustrate the problems
of career development process in this population.
The fourth part is to resolve the problem. Article will find an effective way to
solve the problem though research the career education model of secondary vocational
schools. Form the point of view to resolve the contradiction between supply and
demand article will research the career development of vocational school students to
elaborate symbiotic relationship among the hotels, the vocational school and
vocational students.
The fifth part is suggestion about the development of career education for
vocational students employees in the hotel industry. Article suggested three ways; first,
landing call in the local career education level of the whole society; second,to
enhance staff self-efficacy in career development; last, deepen career School and
Enterprise cooperation level.
Keywords : The hotel industry, The employees graduated form the vocational
school, Career education, Shanghai Nanhu Vocational School
Classification Code: F590
hi
第一章绪论
一、概念界定
(一)酒店中职生员工
基于现有研究中没有对中等职业学校毕业的在酒店内从业的员工进行分类
和定义,因此,本研究所指的“酒店中职生员工”是指所有接受过中等职业学
校酒店管理专业教育的学生,包括准备就业的在校生(潜在员工),在酒店业从
业的员工(在职员工)和已经离开的另谋生路的员工(流失员工)。以此来区别
其他教育类型的员工身份
这样定义,可以把中职生从现有研究中的“一线员工”区别开来。因为就职
业发展来说,中职生可以从事的职位远不止一线岗位,也为调查的范围拓宽了领
域,从而为职业生涯的发展理清了方向。同时,在中职生员工和技能型人才之间
找到重合区域,为人才培养模式的定位提供基础
(二)生涯教育
生涯教育,自20世纪初期发端于职业教育,但对教育的内涵和外延都进行
了深化和拓展。到了 20世纪70年代,美国的自上而下的生涯教育运动,让教育
拓展到了更广阔的领域。1971年,生涯教育(Career Education)由当时的美国
联邦教育署署长马尔兰得(Marland S.P.)正式提出。对于“生涯教育”有许多
种理解:马尔兰得认为,“所有的教育都是生涯教育。” 1这种提法的优点在于“它
基本涵盖了现代生涯教育的全部信息,不足之处则是它的模糊性,没有明确生涯
教育的内涵究竟是什么。” 2沃兴登(Worthington R.M.) (1972)认为,生涯教
育是改变所有教育系统,……它强调所有教育的经验、课程、教学及咨询,是为
个人将来经济独立、自我实现及敬业乐群生涯的预备,它通过改善职业选择的技
巧与获得