文本描述
客体关系理论的奠基者----M.Klein
武汉中德心理医院----曾奇峰
"...feelings of love and gratitude arise directly and spontaneously in the baby in response to the love and care of his mother. The power of love - which is the manifestation of the forces which tend to preserve life - is there in the baby as well as the destructive impulses, and finds its first fundamental expression in the babys attachment to his mothers breast, which develops into love for her as a person. My psycho-analytic work has convinced me that when in the babys mind the conflicts between love and hate arise, and the fears of losing the loved one become active, a very important step is made in development. These feelings of guilt and distress now enter as a new element into the emotion of love. They become an inherent part of love, and influence it profoundly both in quality and quantity." (from Love, Hate, and Reparation)
作为对母亲的爱和关照的回应,婴儿直接而自然地产生了爱和感激之情。爱的能量—它是保护生命的力量的表象—存在于婴儿的心中,破坏性的冲动也是如此。在与母亲乳房的依附(关系)中,爱的能量发现了它的第一次重要的表达,并发展成对母亲整个人的爱。我的精神分析工作向我证明,当婴儿心中爱与恨的冲突升起的时候,丧失所爱的人的恐惧就被激活了,成长的非常重要的一步就完成了。这些内疚和痛苦的情感此时便作为一种新的元素,加入到了爱的情感之中。它们变成了爱的与生俱来的一部分,并且深深地影响着爱的数量和质量。
一、生 平(1882-1960)
出生于维也纳
结婚并生了三个孩子以后开始儿童精神分析
与安娜 弗洛伊德齐名
1910年移居布达佩斯
1912年接受S.Ferenczi 的精神分析训练
1921年迁居柏林,从事精神分析工作
1924年至1925年K.Abraham 成为其分析师
1926年移居伦敦,直至1960年去世