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随着IT技术的高速发展,云计算、大数据、物联网、人工智能等信息技术的 出现和传统产业数字化的转型,数据量呈现几何级增长,据IDC预测,全球数据 总量预计2020年达到44个ZB,我国数据量将达到8060个EB,占全球数据总 量的18%。世界范围内各行各业都在进行信息化变革,几乎每个欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司都在努力发现 和利用大数据的价值。大数据利用将成为提高核心竞争力的关键因素。各行各业 的决策正在从“业务驱动”转变“数据驱动”。对大数据的分析可以使零售商实时掌 握市场动态并迅速做出应对;可以为商家制定更加精准有效的营销策略提供决策 支持;可以帮助企业为消费者提供更加及时和个性化的服务;在医疗领域,可提 高诊断准确性和药物有效性;在公共事业领域,大数据也开始发挥促进经济发展、 维护社会稳定等方面的重要作用。为了充分利用大数据带来的机遇,同时有效应对 大数据带来的挑战,企业管理者必须积极布局、制定战略规划,有效利用数据、节 省决策成本和提高决策质量。 本文以DBTG集团为研究对象,利用了大数据、ETL、可视化等技术,开发 了一套决策支持系统软件。首先,阐述了大数据技术和决策支持系统的相关理论, 介绍了大数据和决策支持系统的概念和特点,追述了其发展历程。之后,介绍了 DBTG集团的基本情况,并着重介绍了DBTG集团的信息化建设情况,分析了 DBTG集团信息系统使用及管理决策中遇到的问题。然后,分析了建设决策支持 系统的必要性,并提出了DBTG集团决策支持系统的需求和设计方案。最后,介 绍了DBTG集团决策支持系统的开发和应用情况,并提出了结论和展望。 关键词:大数据;决策支持系统;模块设计;数据展现 沈阳理工大学硕士学位论文 Abstract WiththerapiddevelopmentofITtechnology,theemergenceofcloudcomputing, bigdata,theInternetofthings,artificialintelligenceandotherinformation technologies,andthetransformationoftraditionalindustrydigitization,thedata volumeshowsageometricgrowth.AccordingtoIDCprediction,theglobaldata volumeisexpectedtoreach44ZBSin2020,andthedatavolumeinChinawillreach 8060EB,accountingfor18%oftheglobaldatavolume.Allwalksoflifeintheworld arecarryingoutinformationtransformation,almosteveryindustryistryingtofindand usethevalueofbigdata.Bigdatautilizationwillbecomethekeyfactortoimprovethe corecompetitiveness.Decisionmakinginallwalksoflifeischangingfrom"business driven"to"datadriven"Theanalysisofbigdatacanenableretailerstograspthe marketdynamicsinrealtimeandmakequickresponse;itcanprovidedecisionsupport formerchantstomakemoreaccurateandeffectivemarketingstrategies;itcanhelp enterprisestoprovidemoretimelyandpersonalizedservicesforconsumers;itcan improvetheaccuracyofdiagnosisanddrugeffectivenessinthemedicalfield;inthe publicsector,bigdatahasalsobeguntoplayaroleinpromotingItplaysanimportant roleineconomicdevelopmentandsocialstability.Inordertomakefulluseofthe opportunitiesbroughtbybigdata,andatthesametimetoeffectivelyrespondtothe challengesbroughtbybigdata,enterprisemanagersmustactivelylayout,make strategicplanning,effectivelyusedata,savedecision-makingcostsandimprove decision-makingquality. ThispapertakesDBTGgroupastheresearchobject,usingbigdata,ETL, visualizationandothertechnologies,developsasetofdecisionsupportsystem software.Firstofall,thetheoryofbigdatatechnologyanddecisionsupportsystemis introduced,theconceptandcharacteristicsofbigdataanddecisionsupportsystemare introduced,anditsdevelopmentprocessisreviewed.Afterthat,itintroducesthebasic situationofDBTGgroup,especiallytheinformationconstructionofDBTGgroup,and analyzestheproblemsintheuseofinformationsystemandmanagement 沈阳理工大学硕士学位论文 沈阳理工大学硕士学位论文 decision-makingofDBTGgroup.Then,thenecessityofbuildingdecisionsupport systemisanalyzed,andtherequirementanddesignschemeofDBTGgroupdecision supportsystemareputforward.Finally,thedevelopmentandapplicationofDBTG groupdecisionsupportsystemareintroduced,andtheconclusionandprospectareput forward. Keywords:bigdata;decisionsupportsystem;moduledesign;datavisuliazation 目录 第1章绪论...............................................................................................................-1- 1.1研究背景和意义............................................................................................-1- 1.1.1研究背景.................................................................................................-1- 1.1.2研究意义.................................................................................................-2- 1.2国内外研究综述.............................................................................................-2- 1.2.1国外研究综述.........................................................................................-2- 1.2.2国内研究综述.........................................................................................-3- 1.2.3国内外研究述评.....................................................................................-4- 1.3研究内容及方法............................................................................................-5- 1.3.1研究内容.................................................................................................-5- 1.3.2研究方法.................................................................................................-6- 1.4论文主要创新之处.........................................................................................-7- 第2章相关理论基础...............................................................................................-9- 2.1大数据技术的相关理论.................................................................................-9- 2.1.1大数据的概念及特点............................................................................-9- 2.1.2大数据的实际应用..............................................................................-10- 2.2决策的相关理论..........................................................................................-10- 2.3决策支持系统的相关理论..........................................................................-11- 2.4系统开发技术的相关理论..........................................................................-12- 2.4.1Java语言简介.....................................................................................-12- 2.4.2Oracle数据库简介.............................................................................-13- 2.4.3ETL技术简介.......................................................................................-13- 2.4.4Hadoop简介.........................................................................................-13- 第3章DBTG集团决策支持系统需求分析........................................................-15- 沈阳理工大学硕士学位论文 沈阳理工大学硕士学位论文 3.1DBTG集团情况.............................................................................................-15- 3.1.1DBTG集团简介.....................................................................................-15- 3.1.2DBTG集团信息化建设情况.................................................................-18- 3.2DBTG集团决策存在的问题.........................................................................-19- 3.3问题原因分析..............................................................................................-20- 3.3.1自身原因..............................................................................................-20- 3.3.2外界原因..............................................................................................-21- 3.4系统的必要性分析......................................................................................-21- 3.5系统的功能需求..........................................................................................-22- 3.6系统的性能需求..........................................................................................-36- 第4章DBTG集团决策支持系统的设计............................................................-39- 4.1设计原则和思路..........................................................................................-39- 4.1.1设计原则..............................................................................................-39- 4.1.2设计思路..............................................................................................-40- 4.1.3应用范围..............................................................................................-40- 4.2软