随着社会的不断发展，科技不断进步，实体经济负重前行，要想在这种激烈的竞 争的环境中生存下来，那么成本就决定了企业的竞争力。现在随着网络环境的发展， 互联网+采购已经是国家工业发展的主要趋势，普及电子采购对于中小型工业企业来 说，更是一个可以增强自身竞争力的机会。 近年来，中小企业纷纷利用互联网、大数据和人工智能，加强与实体经济深度融 合，在共享经济、人力资本服务、绿色低碳、现代供应链和中高端消费等领域取得明 显成效，有力促进产业结构转型升级。对于中小企业来说，信息管理系统似乎并不能 给人数较少的公司带来便捷，反而会增加时间和金钱成本。所以大多数中小企业并没 有完善的信息管系统，只是通过人为传递信息进行公司流程的运转。但是随着公司订 单的增多，隐藏在原来流程中的弊端就会暴露出来，需要将采购流程进行重新梳理， 适应现在科技的进步和互联网的发展，降低企业采购成本，增强竞争力。 本文中对WXDZ公司一家科技型中小企业的采购管理作为研究对象，通过对公 司采购现状的分析得出了在采购方式、供应商管理和采购流程中存在的问题。根据问 题对症下药，建立了新的电子采购方式，提出在第三方电子采购平台上进行采购可节 约成本,使用线上线下联合采购的方案，合理安排采购方式；构建供应商管理体系， 通过层次分析法对供应商的评价指标建立，对供应商打分，并且利用激励机制，对供 应商进行管理；同时利用ASME分析方法对采购流程进行了分析，重塑了WXDZ公 司的采购流程，减少了大量的重复审批，节省了作业成本。通过设计科学合理的采购 管理优化方案，有效地解决了WXDZ公司在采购管理中存在的问题，有助于公司控 制采购成本，对于提高公司采购效率具有实践指导意义。 关键词：中小企业 电子采购 供应商管理 采购流程 层次分析法 ASME分 析法 III ABSTRACT With the continuous development of society, the continuous progress of science and technology, and the weight of the real economy, to survive in this fierce competition environment, the cost determines the competitiveness of enterprises. Now, with the development of network environment, Internet + procurement has become the main trend of national industrial development. Popularizing electronic procurement is an opportunity for small and medium-sized industrial enterprises to enhance their competitiveness. In recent years, small and medium-sized enterprises have made full use of the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence to deepen their integration with the real economy. They have made remarkable achievements in areas such as the sharing economy, human capital services, green and low-carbon services, modern supply chains and high-end consumption. For small and medium-sized enterprises, information management system does not seem to bring convenience to a small number of companies, but will increase the cost of time and money. Therefore, most of the small and medium-sized enterprises do not have a perfect information management system, but just carry out the operation of the company's process by artificial transmission of information. However, with the increase of company orders, the disadvantages hidden in the original process will be exposed. It is necessary to rearrange the procurement process to adapt to the progress of science and technology and the development of the Internet, reduce the procurement cost of enterprises and enhance competitiveness. In this paper, the procurement management of a small and medium-sized scientific enterprise of WXDZ company is studied. Through the analysis of the company's procurement status, the problems existing in the procurement method, supplier management and procurement process are obtained. According to the specific problems, a new e-procurement method has been established. It is proposed that the procurement on the third-party e-procurement platform can save costs, use the online and offline joint procurement scheme, and reasonably arrange the procurement method. Establish the supplier management system, establish the evaluation index of the supplier through the analytic hierarchy process, score the supplier, and use the incentive mechanism to manage the supplier. At the same time, the ASME analysis method is used to analyze the IV procurement process, which reshapes the procurement process of WXDZ company, reduces a large number of repeated approvals and saves the cost of operation. Through the design of scientific and reasonable optimization scheme of procurement management, the problems existing in the procurement management of WXDZ company have been effectively solved, which is helpful for the company to control the procurement cost and has practical guiding significance for improving the company's procurement efficiency. KEYWORDS: Small and medium enterprises; Electronic procurement; Supplier management; Procurement process; AHP ; ASME analysis V 目 录 摘要 .............................................................. I ABSTRACT ....................................................... III 第一章 绪论 ........................................................ 1 1.1 研究背景与意义 .................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 研究背景 ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 研究意义 ....................................................................................................... 2 1.2 研究对象和目的 .................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 研究对象 ....................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 研究目的 ....................................................................................................... 3 1.3研究的内容与方法 ............................................................................................... 4 1.3.1 研究的主要内容 ........................................................................................... 4 1.3.2 研究方法 ....................................................................................................... 4 1.4创新点 ................................................................................................................... 6 第二章 相关概念和理论基础 .......................................... 7 2.1采购管理的相关概念 ........................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 采购的定义 ................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 中小企业的采购管理的方式 ....................................................................... 7 2.1.3 采购管理模式的发展 ................................................................................... 8 2.2 电子采购的概念 ................................................................................................ 10 2.2.1电子采购的内涵 .......................................................................................... 10 2.2.2电子采购的模式 .......................................................................................... 10 2.2.3电子采购的意义 .......................................................................................... 12 2.2.4电子采购的应用 .......................................................................................... 13 VI 2.3 流程再造理论及ASME分析法 ....................................................................... 13 2.3.1 流程再造理论 ............................................................................................. 13 2.3.2 ASME分析法 .............................................................................................. 14 2.4 供应商的相关理论 ............................................................................................ 14 2.4.1 供应链理论 ................................................................................................. 14 2.4.2 供应商策略 ................................................................................................. 14 2.4.3 供应商的评价 ............................................................................................. 15 2.4.4 层次分析法 ................................................................................................. 15