随着我国市场经济的蓬勃发展，C污水处理公司集团化的发展速度也在与日俱增， 筹资决策的水平也要配合公司发展而提升，并应以适时、适量的筹资规模，适度的筹 资组合有效地支持公司经营战略达成。一个优质、完善的筹资决策方案，能够帮助公 司高效扩大市场份额，提供研发动能，扩大经营利润。公司在市场竞争愈发激烈的进 程中，想筹集大额资金必然要优化筹资决策，形成科学的筹资方案。因此，公司需摒 弃旧的管理理念，借鉴经典的理论模型、成功的管理方法和实践经验，勇于摸索创新， 将筹资决策转化为借助科学模型并结合公司自身特色的决策，实现对已有资源的高效 利用，推动公司可持续健康发展。 本文针对C污水处理公司进行筹资决策，C污水处理公司所处的环保产业，正处 于国家提倡绿色金融、扶植环保、提升环境治理质量、推进绿色发展理念的大环境下， 宏观上的政治、经济、法律和科技等因素都有利于该公司扩大经营投资活动，扩展筹 资规模，在对标同欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司集团化公司的筹资结构和筹资规模的同时，C污水处理公司需 结合自身战略、成长性等因素，使筹资与经营、投资更好的匹配，提高筹资效率。在 分析了上述筹资决策的宏观、中观和微观因素的基础上，本文继而梳理了国内外筹资 理论的现状，线性规划理论现状及线性规划配置决策的现状。筹资理论和线性规划理 论经典不衰，均具备应用面广、适应性强的优势，是后续研究的理论支撑。本文通过 对上述理论和现状的分析，探讨将两种理论相结合应用于搭建筹资决策模型，试图设 计筹资成本最低的决策方案。污水处理欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司发展迅速，市场争夺日趋激烈，筹资成本 是C污水处理公司对外投标项目时很重要的测算指标，因此，根据该公司在筹资决策 中呈现的问题，考虑将线性规划模型结合筹资决策进行研究，将筹资活动中的限制条 件借助数学语言，用各个变量展示为目标函数和约束公式，找到筹资成本最低和筹资 约束条件同时满足的最优解。在确立这一思路后，本文将模型分别设计为单时点筹资 决策模型和多时点筹资决策模型，不仅要在模型中求得最优资本结构，更要将筹资决 策从现在延伸至未来期间，匹配公司发展战略和预期盈利能力，避免因管理的短视而 阻碍公司发展。在本文将C污水处理公司的筹资情况代入模型求解后，得到了该公司 现有资产规模和经营水平基础上，单时点和多时点模型中的最优筹资方案。C污水处 理公司需要在金融市场和经营活动允许的情况下，围绕着模型运算结果适度调整，提 前筹备未来三年所需资金，稳定推进投资升级、筹资增效。 本文综合筹资理论和线性规划理论构建筹资决策模型，并在结合C污水处理公司 数据的基础上运算求解，旨在控制筹资成本同时优化筹资结构，但理论模型仍需结合 实际。本文希望通过在这方面的研究，为其它学者提供一种更科学、规范的筹资模型 参考，也希望有助于C污水处理公司构建科学的筹资体系。 关键词：污水处理；筹资决策；线性规划；决策模型 II ABSTRACT WiththevigorousdevelopmentofChina'smarketeconomy,thedevelopmentspeedof Csewagetreatmentcompanygroupingisalsoincreasingwitheachpassingday.Thelevel offundingdecision-makingmustalsobeimprovedinlinewiththecompany'sdevelopment. Supportthecompany'sbusinessstrategy.Ahigh-qualityandcomprehensivefinancing decision-makingplancanhelpthecompanyefficientlyexpandmarketshare,provide researchanddevelopmentkineticenergy,andexpandoperatingprofits.Intheprocessof increasinglyfiercemarketcompetition,companiesthatwanttoraiselargeamountsof capitalmustoptimizetheirfundingdecisionsandformascientificfundingplan.Therefore, thecompanyneedstoabandontheoldmanagementconcepts,learnfromclassictheoretical models,successfulmanagementmethodsandpracticalexperience,andhavethecourageto exploreinnovations,transformingfund-raisingdecisionsintodecisionsbasedonscientific modelsandcombiningthecompany'sowncharacteristicstoachievetheexistingresources. Efficientusetopromotethecompany'ssustainableandhealthydevelopment. ThisarticlemakesfinancingdecisionsforCsewagetreatmentcompany.The environmentalprotectionindustryinwhichCsewagetreatmentcompanyislocatedisina macroeconomic,political,andeconomicenvironmentinwhichthestatepromotesgreen finance,fostersenvironmentalprotection,improvesthequalityofenvironmental governance,andpromotestheconceptofgreendevelopment.Factorssuchaslaw, technology,andtechnologyareconducivetothecompany'sexpansionofoperatingand investmentactivitiesandexpansionoffinancingscales.Whilebenchmarkingthefinancing structureandfinancingscaleofgroupcompaniesinthesameindustry,Csewagetreatment companiesneedtocombinetheirownstrategiesandgrowthfactors.Tobettermatch financingwithoperationandinvestmentandimprovefinancingefficiency.Basedonthe analysisofthemacro,mesoandmicrofactorsoftheabovefundingdecisions,thisarticle thensortsoutthecurrentstatusofdomesticandforeignfinancingtheories,thecurrent statusoflinearprogrammingtheories,andthestatusoflinearplanningallocationdecisions. Fund-raisingtheoryandlinearprogrammingtheoryareclassic,andbothhavethe advantagesofwideapplicationandstrongadaptability,whicharethetheoreticalsupportfor subsequentresearch.Basedontheanalysisoftheabovetheoriesandthecurrentsituation, thispaperexploresthecombinationofthetwotheoriestobuildafundingdecision-making modelinanattempttodesignadecision-makingschemewiththelowestfundingcost.The sewagetreatmentindustryisdevelopingrapidly,andmarketcompetitionisbecoming increasinglyfierce.ThefinancingcostisanimportantmeasurementindicatorforCsewage III treatmentcompany'sexternalbiddingproject.Therefore,accordingtotheproblems presentedbythecompanyinthefinancingdecision,considercombiningalinear programmingmodelwiththefinancingdecision.Theresearchusesthemathematical languagetoshowtheconstraintsinfinancingactivities,andusesvariousvariablesasthe objectivefunctionandconstraintformulatofindtheoptimalsolutionthatmeetsthe minimumfundingcostandthefundingconstraintssimultaneously.Afterestablishingthis idea,thispaperdesignsthemodelsassingle-pointfundingdecision-makingmodeland multiplepointsintimefundingdecision-makingmodel,notonlytofindtheoptimalcapital structureinthemodel,butalsotoextendthefundingdecisionfromnowtothefuture. Matchthecompany'sdevelopmentstrategyandexpectedprofitabilitytoavoidhindering thecompany'sdevelopmentduetoshort-sightedmanagement.Inthispaper,thefinancing situationofCsewagetreatmentcompanywassubstitutedintothemodeltoobtainthe optimalfinancingplaninthesinglepointsintimeandmultiplepointsintimemodelsbased onthecompany'sexistingassetscaleandoperatinglevel.Csewagetreatmentcompany needstoappropriatelyadjustthemodelcalculationresultsaroundthefinancialmarketand operatingactivities,preparethefundsrequiredinthenextthreeyearsinadvance,and steadilypromoteinvestmentupgradesandraiseefficiency. Thispapercombinesfundraisingtheoryandlinearprogrammingtheorytobuilda fundraisingdecisionmodelandcalculatesandsolvesbasedonthedataofCsewage treatmentcompany.Theaimistocontrolthefundraisingcostandoptimizethefundraising structure,butthetheoreticalmodelstillneedstobeintegratedwiththeactualsituation.This articlehopestoprovideotherscholarswithamorescientificandstandardizedfunding modelreferencethroughresearchinthisarea,andalsohopetohelpCsewagetreatment companybuildascientificfundingsystem. Keywords:Sewagetreatment,Financingdecision,Linearprogramming,Decisionmodel I 目录 摘要.........I ABSTRACT.............................II 第一章绪论........................1 1.1研究的背景、目的和意义1 1.1.1研究的背景....................1 1.1.2研究的目的....................2 1.1.3研究的意义....................2 1.1.3.1理论意义....................2 1.1.3.2现实意义....................3 1.2研究内容............................3 1.3研究方法和研究思路........4 1.3.1研究方法........................4 1.3.2研究思路........................4 1.4创新点.5 1.5论文结构............................5 第二章文献综述....................7 2.1污水处理欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司筹资决策影响因素的研究综述..............................7 2.1.1宏观因素.........................7 2.1.2中观因素.........................8 2.1.3微观因素.........................9 2.2筹资基础理论综述..........10 2.2.1国外理论研究综述.......10 2.2.2国内理论研究综述.......11 2.2.3国内外理论研究评价...12 2.3线性规划配置决策的现状综述.....................12 2.3.1线性规划基础理论综述..............................12 2.3.2线性规划配置决策的现状综述..................13 第三章C污水处理公司筹资决策的现状及问题............................15 3.1C污水处理公司概况......15 3.2C污水处理公司筹资决策现状分析.............16 3.2.1权益性筹资决策现状分析..........................16 II 3.2.2债务性筹资决策现状分析................