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近年来,在互联网和移动互联网高速发展的推动下,网络零售业的繁荣发展 对我国传统零售业造成了巨大影响。目前我国传统零售业无论是销售额、营业收 入还是营业利润都处于下降的趋势,零售产业急需转型进行自救。 当今的中国经济较过去10年是在高速发展的,人民的生活水平也有所提髙, 然而受到全球大经济环境的影响,人工成本、房屋租金等却在不断攀升。不可否 认人类日益依赖手机带来的便利,手机成了人类的新器官,然而手机市场趋近饱 和,2017年手机市场由卖方向买方市场加速转变,为了抢占市场,各大手机厂商 之间展开了激烈的竞争。厂商为了提升自身产品的市场占有率,采用产品更新、 加大宣传、降低售价等方式,致使手机市场的利润随着价格的降低而日益减少, 甚至有些厂商出现了零利润的状况,手机零售企业经营中遭遇到重大的瓶颈。在 欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司内大部分亏损的背景下,一些手机零售店不断的寻求其他发展之路。转型是 必由之路。A企业是中国北京地区为数不多的通讯连锁公司,经过10余年的发展, 目前己经成为同欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司其他公司的晴雨表。随着移动通信产业的迅速发展,尤其是 随着4G网络的广泛商用,各手机品牌用户总数达到近6亿之多,面对如此庞大的 和广阔的市场,通讯欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司产业链中生产商展开了激烈的市场份额竞争,再加之, 互联网企业的低成本介入式营销,大大降低了传统手机零售企业的竞争优势,导 致流向市场的手机利润惨不忍睹,A企业面临着生存和发展的困境,企业急需主 动转型,降低转型风险,使得成功的几率增大。 在新零售转型热潮的背景下,本文对全国手机连锁欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司发展状况进行研宄, 深刻研宂通讯连锁A企业业务发展特征,对A企业近三年经营数据进行分析,总 结其经营中存在的问题,得出A企业近三年发展停滞不前,急需转型;通过DEA 模型测算20家企业在2013-2017年综合效率变化,观察到新零售转型对企业的综 合效率有明显提升,并使企业有更好的盈利能力和抗风险能力,为A企业转型为 新零售的必要性提供实证基础。 探索A企业的战略环境,对A企业所处宏观环境、欧亿·体育(中国)有限公司环境和内部环境进行 分析,对A企业重新定位。最后,通过对小米和苏宁新零售转型路径的分析,总 结通讯零售企业转型的关键因素,并据此提出了A企业的转型战略方案和实施策 略。 关键词:新零售;DEA模型;PEST分析;SWOT分析;战略转型 iii 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofInternetandmobileInternet,the prosperityofnetworkretailinghasbroughtgreatinfluencetothetraditionalretailing industryinChina.Atpresent,bothsales,operatingincomeandoperatingprofitareina downwardtrend,China'sretailindustryurgentlyneedstransformationtohelpitself. Comparedwiththepast10years,China'seconomyisstillinastageofrapid developmentandthelivingstandardsofitspeoplehavealsoimprovedtothelargest extent.However,becauseoftheimpactoftheglobaleconomicenvironment,China's laborcosts,housingrentsandotheritemsarerising.Itisundeniablethatpeople increasinglyrelyonmobilephonestobringconvenience.Inasense,mobilephones havebecomeaneworganofhumanbeings.However,themobilephonemarkethas becomesaturatedinrecentyears.In2017,themarketformobilephoneswas acceleratedfromsellertobuyer,withfiercecompetitionamongmajorhandsetmakers toseizethemarket.Therefore,inordertoincreasethemarketshareoftheirown products,therearemanymanufacturersadoptthemethodsofproductupdating, increasingpublicity,loweringprices,etc.Asaresult,theprofitsofthemobilephone marketdecreasedaybydaywiththereductionofprices,andevensomemanufacturers haveasituationofzeroprofits,andthentheMobilephoneretailbusinessinthe businessencounteredserioussetbacks.Withmostoftheindustrylosingmoney,some mobileretailstoresarealsolookingforothermodelsofdevelopment,inwhichthe transformationistheonlyway.EnterpriseAisoneofthefewcommunicationchain companiesinBeijing,China.Aftermorethan10yearsofdevelopment,ithasbecomea barometerofothercompaniesinthesameindustry.Withtherapiddevelopmentof mobilecommunicationindustry,especiallywiththeextensivecommercialapplication of4Gnetwork,thetotalnumberofmobilephonebrandusersreachesnearly600million. Givensuchalargeandvastmarket,manufacturersinthecommunicationindustrychain havelaunchedfiercemarketsharecompetition.Moreover,thelow-costinterventionof Internetenterpriseshasgreatlyreducedthecompetitiveadvantageoftraditionalmobile phoneretailenterprises.Therefore,thereislittleprofitsforthemobilephoneonthe market.Similarly,enterpriseAisfacedwiththedilemmaofsurvivalanddevelopment, itisurgentlynecessarytotaketheinitiativemeasurestotransform,reducetheriskof transitionandthenimprovetheprobabilityofsuccess. iv 北京交通大学硕士专业学位论文ABSTRACT Underthebackgroundofnewretailtransformationupsiirge,thispaperwillstudy thedevelopmentofthenationalmobilephonechainindustryanddeeplystudiesthe developmentcharacteristicsofthecommunicationchainAenterprise,explorethe internalandexternalenvironmentofAcompamy,analyzethekeypointsofA5sstrength, weakness,opportunities,threats,andrepositionAcompany.Tomakeananalysisonthe businessdataofAenterpriseinthepastthreeyearsandsummarizestheproblemsinits operation.Inthepast3years,thedevelopmentofAenterprisehasbeenstagnantand urgentlyneededtobetransformed.TheDEAmodelisusedtomeasurethe comprehensiveefiBciencychangesof20companiesin2013-2017.Wecanseethatthe newretailtransformationhassignificantlyimprovedtheoverallefficiencyofenterprise andmadetheenterprisebetter.Theprofitabilityandanti-riskabilitypro