随着能源技术的不断发展，能源利用水平也被不断提升，能源发展方式逐渐 从粗放式发展向提质增效转变。为应对经济新常态，能源改革势在必行、刻不容 缓。为进一步解决能源发展面临的传统能源产能过剩、可再生能源发展瓶颈制约、 能源系统整体运行效率不高等突出问题，必须从改革能源体制和能源企业运作机 制入手，深入推进能源供给侧的结构性改革。可再生清洁能源的利用是供给侧改 革的重要一步。因此对供给侧改革背景下清洁能源多能互补相关问题的研究具有 重要意义。 本文分析总结了清洁能源多能互补发电的国内外研究现状。对目前应用较广 泛的多种清洁能源进行了梳理，重点介绍了发电原理、应用模式及国内外应用情 况。从供热、供冷、供电等方面详细分析了高原、山地、城市、海岛不同地区的 用能需求，阐述发展清洁能源的必要性。结合各地区地理优势和气候特点，总结 能源结构分布情况，进行多能发电互补模式分析。从技术层面论证清洁能源多能 互补发电的可行性。报告在此基础上，构建了多能互补发电系统的经济效益评价 指标体系和数学模型，以西北地区某小城煤电改造分布式天然气发电项目为例， 实现具体经济效益分析。从经济层面论证清洁能源多能互补发电的可行姓。 关键词，清洁能源；能源结构；多能互补发电；华北电力大学硕士学位报告 II Abstract With the continuous development of energy technology, energy utilization rate is also rising, so energy development mode is gradually transformed from extensive development to quality and efficiency. In order to cope with the new economic normality, energy reform is imperative. Energy development is facing the traditional energy overcapacity, renewable energy development bottleneck and poor overall energy system operation efficiency. In order to further solve the energy development problems under the new normality, we must start from the reform of energy systems and energy companies operating mechanism to further promote structural reform on the energy supply side. Under the background of energy supply side reform, the use of renewable clean energy has become an important step in the supply side reform. In this paper, we focus on the problem of multi energy complementary energy in the context of supply side reform. So it’s meaningful to take the feasibility research of clean multi-energy complementary electricity generation based on reform of the supply side. This paper analyzes the present situation of domestic and foreign research on the complementary power generation of clean energy. It also combs the basic situation of various kinds of clean energy widely used at home and abroad, and emphatically introduces the application principle, application model and application situation of renewable energy sources. Research mainly analyzes the energy structure and energy demand of plateau, mountain, city, and island, in order to expounds the necessity of developing clean energy. According to the geographical advantages and climate characteristics of each region, the paper summarizes the distribution of energy structure and analyzes the complementary model of multi-energy generation. Then， the economic benefit evaluation index system and the mathematical model of multi energy complementary power generation is established. The paper takes a small town in Northwest China as a case study abandoned coal-fired power generation to distributed natural gas power generation, and analyzes the specific economic benefits. Key words: clean energy，energy structure，multi-energy complementary electricity generation华北电力大学硕士学位报告 III 目 录 摘要.......................................................................................................................... I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 第 1 章 绪论..................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题背景及意义..............................................................................................1 1.1.1 选题背景 ................................................................................................1 1.1.2 选题意义 ................................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状..............................................................................................2 1.2.1 能源供给侧改革 ....................................................................................2 1.2.2 可再生清洁能源多能互补应用 ............................................................2 1.2.3 多能互补经济性分析 ............................................................................3 1.3 本文的研究内容..............................................................................................4 1.3.1 研究内容 ................................................................................................4 1.3.2 研究方案及难点 ....................................................................................4 第 2 章 可再生清洁能源种类特性研究...................................5 2.1 可再生清洁能源..............................................................................................5 2.2 光伏发电..........................................................................................................5 2.3 风力发电..........................................................................................................6 2.4 生物质发电......................................................................................................6 2.5 分布式小水电..................................................................................................7 2.6 分布式冷-热-电联产（CCHP）发电系统.....................................................8 2.7 本章小结..........................................................................................................8 第 3 章 不同场合用能需求分析..................................................................................9 3.1 海岛用能需求分析..........................................................................................9 3.1.1 供热 ........................................................................................................9 3.1.2 供冷 ......................................................................................................10 3.1.3 供电 ......................................................................................................11 3.2 城市用能需求分析........................................................................................12 3.2.1 供热 ......................................................................................................12 3.2.2 供冷 ......................................................................................................13 3.2.3 供电 .......................................................................................................14 3.3 高原用能需求分析........................................................................................15 3.3.1 供热 ......................................................................................................15华北电力大学硕士学位报告 IV 3.3.2 供冷 ......................................................................................................16 3.3.3 供电 ......................................................................................................17 3.4 山区用能需求分析........................................................................................17 3.4.1 供热 ......................................................................................................18 3.4.2 供冷 ......................................................................................................19 3.4.3 供电 .......................................................................................................19 3.5 本章小结........................................................................................................20 第 4 章 清洁能源供给及多能互补供能方式分析....................................................21 4.1 海岛清洁能源供给及多能互补供能方式分析............................................22 4.1.1 海岛能源