CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
HOW TO USE THIS BOOK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
UNDERSTANDING THE GRAPHICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
TRANSMISSION CUTAWAY VIEW (FOLDOUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9A
MAJOR MECHANICAL COMPONENTS (FOLDOUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
RANGE REFERENCE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
TORQUE CONVERTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
APPLY COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
PLANETARY GEAR SETS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
HYDRAULIC CONTROL COMPONENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
POWER FLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
COMPLETE HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
LUBRICATION POINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
THRUST WASHER LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
BUSHING LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
BEARING LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
LIP SEAL LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
SQUARE AND O-RING SEAL LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
GASKET LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
ILLUSTRATED PARTS LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
BASIC SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
PRODUCT DESIGNATION SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
PREFACE
All information contained in this book is based on the latest data available
at the time of publication approval. The right is reserved to make product
or publication changes, at any time, without notice.
No part of any GM Powertrain publication may be reproduced, stored
in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means,
including but not limited to electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
Powertrain Group of General Motors Corporation. This includes all
text, illustrations, tables and charts.
COPYRIGHT 1997 POWERTRAIN GROUP
General Motors Corporation
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
The Hydra-matic 4T65-E Technician’s Guide is intended for automotive
technicians that are familiar with the operation of an automatic transaxle or
transmission. Technicians or other persons not having automatic transaxle
or transmission know-how may find this publication somewhat technically
complex if additional instruction is not provided. Since the intent of this
book is to explain the fundamental mechanical, hydraulic and electrical
operating principles, technical terms used herein are specific to the
transmission industry. However, words commonly associated with the
specific transaxle or transmission function have been defined in a Glossary
rather than within the text of this book.
The Hydra-matic 4T65-E Technician’s Guide is also intended to assist
technicians during the service, diagnosis and repair of this transaxle.
However, this book is not intended to be a substitute for other General
Motors service publications that are normally used on the job. Since there
is a wide range of repair procedures and technical specifications specific to
certain vehicles and transaxle models, the proper service publication must
be referred to when servicing the Hydra-matic 4T65-E transaxle.
The Hydra-matic 4T65-E Technician’s Guide is
another Powertrain publication from the Technician’s
Guide series of books. The purpose of this
publication, as is the case with other Technician’s
Guides, is to provide complete information on the
theoretical operating characteristics of this transaxle.
Operational theories of the mechanical, hydraulic
and electrical components are presented in a
sequential and functional order to better explain their
operation as part of the system.
In the first section of this book entitled “Principles
of Operation”, exacting explanations of the major
components and their functions are presented. In
every situation possible, text describes component
operation during the apply and release cycle as well
as situations where it has no effect at all. The
descriptive text is then supported by numerous
graphic illustrations to further emphasize the
operational theories presented.
The second major section entitled “Power Flow”,
blends the information presented in the “Principles
of Operation” section into the complete transaxle
assembly. The transfer of torque from the engine
through the transaxle is graphically displayed on a
full page while a narrative description is provided on
a facing half page. The opposite side of the half
page contains the narrative description of the
hydraulic fluid as it applies components or shifts
valves in the system. Facing this partial page is a
hydraulic schematic that shows the position of valves,
checkballs, etc., as they function in a specific gear
range.
The third major section of this book displays the
“Complete Hydraulic Circuit” for specific gear
ranges. Fold-out pages containing fluid flow
schematics and two dimensional illustrations of major
components graphically display hydraulic circuits.
This information is extremely useful when tracing
fluid circuits for learning or diagnosis purposes.
The “Appendix” section of this book provides
additional transaxle information regarding lubrication
circuits, seal locations, illustrated parts lists and more.
Although this information is available in current
model year Service Manuals, its inclusion provides
for a quick reference guide that is useful to the
technician.
Production of the Hydra-matic 4T65-E Technician’s
Guide was made possible through the combined
efforts of many staff areas within the General Motors
Powertrain Division. As a result, the Hydra-matic
4T65-E Technician’s Guide was written to provide
the user with the most current, concise and usable
information available regarding this product.
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