I
摘 要
港口是货物在水路运输的起点和终点。随着全球经济一体化进程的深入，港口不仅
局限于提供单一的装卸服务，而是逐渐成为综合物流服务价值流的承托者，现代港口物
流企业正是在这种背景下诞生。20 世纪 90 年代开始，我国沿海港口市场模式从计划经
济体制下的港口资源型逐步向市场经济体制下的垄断竞争型过渡，由于历史遗留问题较
多的原因，广州港集团在这场改革中步履维艰，属下港口功能仍然以单一传统的装卸和
运输为主，在缺乏对物流资源的统筹规划的情况下，集团内部资源分散，外部竞争失利，
一场针对物流板块业务改革的风暴势在必行。

本文基于广州港集团当前的外贸集装箱物流市场发展形势，运用 PESTEL 分析模型
从政治、经济、社会、技术、环境及法律等六大因素对集团的外部环境进行分析，在内
部环境分析上对集装箱业务资源、物流通道及外围物流节点建设等情况做了全方位的剖
析，并运用 SWOT 分析方法从集团发展外贸集装箱物流的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战等
四个方面进行清晰的发展方向定位。

在当今港口竞争形势下，本文作者认为广州港集团应按照物流一体化理论和第三方
物流企业的特点整合内部资源筹建新的物流营运主体——广州港国际物流营运中心，按
照港口企业价值链理论及供应链管理的要求提出外贸集装箱物流发展的“点”、“线”、
“面”外部发展策略，建立保障实施措施体系，以期为广州港集团领导决策层提供有益
的参考。

关键词：广州港集团；外贸集装箱；物流营运中心；策略研究ABSTRACT
The port is the starting point and end point of transportation. With the global economy
integration, the port is not limited to provide a single loading and unloading, but gradually
become integrated logistics service value stream support, modern port logistics enterprise is
born in this background. Beginning in twentieth Century 90, the coastal port market mode in
China from the planned economy system of port resources gradually to the monopolistic
competition market economy system, due to the reasons for the problems left over by history
more, Guangzhou port group said of an aged person in this reform, its function is still in port
handling and transport the single traditional, in the lack of logistics resource planning cases,
internal resources, external competitive defeat, a logistics business reform storm be
imperative.
In this paper, the Guangzhou port group the current foreign trade container logistics
market development based on the situation, the use of PESTEL analysis model from the
political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal six major factors on the
group's external environment analysis, internal environment analysis is done in an all-round
analysis on container business resources, logistics channels and external logistics node
construction, the direction of the development orientation of clear four aspects by using
SWOT analysis method, advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges from the
group in the development of foreign trade container logistics etc..
The Guangzhou port group should be in accordance with the integration of the logistics
theory and the third party logistics enterprise features the integration of internal resources to
construct a new logistics operation body -- Guangzhou port international logistics operations
center, the port enterprises in accordance with the theory of value chain and supply chain
management requirements on foreign trade container logistics point, line, noodles
external development strategy the establishment of security system, implementation measures,
so as to provide reference for the Guangzhou port group leaders.
Key words: Gz port；foreign trade container；logistics operations center；Strategy Research