摘 要
建筑业作为我国国民经济的重要产业，它的发展与人民的生活密切相关。它具
有涉及面广、生产周期长和流动性强等特点。外部环境的变化，都会给它的施工生
产成本、质量和工期等带来挑战，增加风险。尤其是 2008 年以来，受国家房地产
宏观调控等政策的影响，我国建筑业的发展更是受到了限制，盈利水平在下降。据
了解，截止到 2013 年 12 月 6 日，我国建筑业指数下跌 4.24%，涨跌幅在 29 个欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司
中位列倒数第 7 位，前 3 季度的建筑业企业产值利润率仅为 2.8%。并且我国建筑企
业在生产经营中还普遍面临着垫资接工程、层层压价、索要回扣和拖欠工程款等现
象，在财务结构上还普遍存在着负债率高、债权高、不良资产率高、法律诉讼高等
现象。这就又给我国建筑企业的发展带来了挑战，增加了财务风险。因此，这就要
求建筑企业具有相当的风险评价机制和风险控制能力。本文就是基于此，以金牛建
筑公司为研究对象，对我国建筑企业的财务风险进行研究。

文章基于建筑业的发展现状和前景，依据企业财务风险理论与方法，选择金牛
公司为具体案例对财务风险进行分析，通过对影响金牛公司财务风险的外部因素和
内部因素的分析，对影响金牛公司财务风险的因素进行分析与识别；发现该公司存
在的短期和远期的财务风险，随后运用 AHP 法对金牛公司的财务风险进行评价，提
出来金牛公司应当在制度层面和技术层面完善风险防范策略，不仅关注当前的财务
风险，更有关注公司可能面临的远期的财务风险，通过完善财务风险的制度体系，
强化防范财务风险的重点领域和重点环节，减少和分散风险，在竞争中占有优势，
寻求可持续发展。

关键词：建筑公司；财务风险；评价；防范

Strategies of Financial Risk Assessment and Prevention of
Jinniu Construction Company
Abstract
As an important industry of the national economy, the development of the
construction industry is closely related to people's lives. It has the properties of a wide
range, long production cycles and strong liquidity. The change of external environment
will bring challenge to construction cost, quality and time limit for a project and also
increase risk. Especially since 2008, influenced by the national real estate macro-control
policies, the development of China's construction industry has been restricted which
causes profitability declines. It is understood that, as of December 6th, 2013, China's
construction industry index fell 4.24%. The change rate was No.7 from the bottom in 29
industries and the construction enterprise production margins in the first three quarters
was only 2.8%. In addition, the construction enterprises are faced with pad-funded,
decreased price, rebates requirement and outstanding payments on the production and
management, and also with high debt ratio, high creditor's rights, high non-performing
loan rate and high litigation rate on the financial structure. This brings challenge to the
development of China's construction enterprises and increases the financial risk.
Therefore, construction enterprises must possess with considerable risk assessment and
risk control mechanisms. Based on the above situation, in this paper, Jinniu construction
company is used as the main study object, and then the financial risk of China's
construction enterprises is further studied.
In viewof current situation and future development of construction industry and
according to the enterprise financial risk theory and method, the author choose Jinniu
Construction Company as an example to analyze the financial risk. Through the analysis
of external and internal factors of influencing Jinniu Construction Company’s financial
risk and identification of the factors, the author discovered the short-term and long-term
financial risk of Jinniu Construction Company, then assessd them by the method of AHP
and put forward the improved risk prevention tactics in the institutional aspect and
technology level. So the company should not only pay attention to the current financial
risk, but also more attention to the further financial risk which the company may face. By
improving the institutional system of the financial risk and strengthening the key areas
and links of financial risk prevention, the risk will be reduced and spreaded. This can
make a company win an advantage in competition and achieve sustainable development.
Keywords:Construction Company, financial risk, assessment, prevention