2023 White PaPer
on the Business environment in China
2023年中国营商环境白皮书
The American Chamber of Commerce in South China
华南美国商会
February 20, 2023
2023年2月20日
Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
中国 · 广州
It is important to note that the American Chamber of Commerce in South China (AmCham South
China) is an entirely independent member driven, non-partisan, non-political, non-government, non-
profit business organization accredited in 1995 by US Chamber of Commerce in Washington, DC. The
information provided in this publication is researched and produced independently by AmCham South
China and does not represent the views of the US or any other government or organization. AmCham
South China receives no funding from any government for the production of this publication.
华南美国商会（美商会）是一个完全独立的盝无党派济、非政府和非赢利性的盝商业机构枕，由设设在华盛顿特
区的盝美国全国商会认可吁，于1995年成立。华南美国商会由会员咥选举出的盝完全独立的盝理事会进行机构枕
管理。该该出版物的盝内容均由华南美国商会独立调调研与发叒行，不代表美国政府或其他政府组织的盝观点。
该该刊物的盝出版与印刷没有接揘受叚任何政府的盝资助。 Review Committee
编审委员咥会
Dr. Harley SeyedinBenny Chen
Committee Chair, Editor in Chief, Author Vice President, General Counsel, Procter & Gamble
President, Allelon Energy Partners Greater China
哈利.赛亚丁博士 陈兵，副总裁，宝洁（中国）有限公司后
编审委员咥会主席，总编辑，作者
Aaron Finley
总裁，阿来龙能脧源
Director, Deloitte
Dr. James Eric (Jay) Black
费利伦，总监，德勤中国
Managing Editor and Lead Author
Mercer University Schumann Endowed Professor Dr. David Hon
in Media Writing and Chair of the Department ofCEO, Dahon Technologies
Journalism and Media Studies
韩德玮博士， 董事长， 大行车业（深圳）有限公司后
James Eric (Jay) Black
博士
Scott Liang
副总编及首席作者
President, Apex (Guangzhou) Tools & Orthopedics Co.
特聘教授掦、新闻与媒介研究系主席，美国摩斯大学
梁生虎， 总裁，艾派济（广州）医疗器械有限公司后
Dr. Richard Gibson Hawkins
Contributing Editor and AuthorThomas Podgurski
Mercer University Professor of Integrated Learning Partner, Royal Service Air Conditioning
Richard Gibson Hawkins
博士谭谭保加士基， 合吤伙人，皇盢家空调调设设备工程（广东）有限公司后
特约编辑及作者
May Qiu
美国摩斯大学综合吤性学习教授掦
Director, Nike China Sourcing & Manufacturing
(c) 2023 The American Chamber of Commerce in Dr. Andrew D. Digh
邱丰梅，总监，耐克采购服务（广州）有限公司后
South China Contributing Author
Mercer University Associate Professor of Computer Science Andy Rusie
版权所有 华南美国商会2023年 Andrew D. Digh CFO, Old World Industries
博士
Reproduction for commercial use strictly prohibited. Andy RusieOld World Industries
特约编辑，财务总监，
This document is available free of charge in electronic
美国摩斯大学计算机科学副教授掦
form at: amcham-southchina Tim Shaver
Dr. David BuxbaumClub Manager, Harbour Plaza Golf Club Dongguan
严禁复制以作商业用途。华南美国商会官方网站提搞供该该Law Editor, Author
田星华， 会所经理，东莞海涞逸高尔夫球会
出版物电子版免费下载。 Managing Partner, Anderson & Anderson L.L.P.
Last updated: February 20, 2023Dr. Hui Sun
包恒博士
Legal Scholar
最后吭更新日期：2023年2月20日 法律编辑及作者
管理合吤伙人，安与恩事务所 孙惠博士， 法学专家
The American Chamber of Commerce in South China
Charlene Chen Tim Wen
华南美国商会 Associate Editor, Publication Designer CEO, Allway Group USA
Suite 2200, Guangdong International Building, 339 AmCham South China
温天伦， 首席执行官，美国百盕通集团
Huanshi East Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC,
陈晓琳，副编辑及出版设设计师，华南美国商会
510098 Greg Wong
Nora Liang Managing Director, Agoda
中华人民共和国广东省广州市越秀区环市东路339号名广
Assistant Associate Editor Greg Wong
东国际大厦2200室 ，邮政编码：510098，董事总经理，雅高达集团
AmCham South China
Tel. 86-20-8335 1476Frances Yu
梁智晖，副编辑助理，华南美国商会
amcham@amcham-southchina President, Amway China
amcham-southchina (In alphabetical order of last name)
以下按姓氏字母排列 余放，总裁，安利（中国）日用品有限公司后
Dr. Joe Chow (Zhou) William Zarit
Managing Director, KrollSenior Counselor, The Cohen Group
周咽炳辰博士， 董事总经理，Kroll 蔡瑞德，高级顾问，科恩集团 Contents
目录
President’s Message 8
会长致辞11
Part ICommentary 14 Part III Regional Overview352
第一部分 评评论15第三部分区域概况 353
* Part III Courtesy of EY
*该该部分由安永提搞供
1.1 COVID-19 Pandemic: The Path to Normalcy 16 17 3.1Economic Overwiew in South China 354
1.1 新冠疫情：走向吰常态化3.1华南地区经济浣概况355
1.2 The On-going China-US Trade Conflict 3435 3.2 Guangdong 360
1.2 持续不断的盝中美贸易冲突 3.2广东 361
1.3 ESG development and prospects of key 52 53 3.3 Fujian380
1.3 粤港澳大湾区ESG发叒展和焦点欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司动向吰 3.3福建 381
industries in the Guangdong-Hong 3.4 Guangxi 392
*1.3节由安永提供 3.4广西393
Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area 3.5 Hainan 406
3.5海涞南 407
* Section 1.3 Courtesy of EY 3.6 HongKong416
3.6香港417
1.4 Development of China’s80 81 3.7 Macao 426
1.4 2022年中国知识识产权发叒展情况3.7澳门427
Intellectual Property in 2022
*1.4节由安与恩事务所提供
* Section 1.4 Courtesy of Anderson & Anderson LLP
Part II Industry Overviews 114 Part IV Results of 2023 State of 432
第二部分欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司概况115 第四部分 2023年经济情况问卷调调查结果433
Business Study
2.1 Agriculture 116
2.1 农业 117
2.2 Animals and Related Products 132 4.1 Demographics 434
2.2 动物及相关产品 133 4.1受叚访访企业组成 434
2.3 Automotive Industry 144 4.2 Revenue and Profitability 441
2.3 汽车欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司 145 4.2收入与利润淤 441
2.4 Machinery and Semiconductors 154 4.3Reinvestment Trends 452
2.4机械和半导体 155 4.3再投资趋势 452
2.5 Construction and Real Estate168 4.4 Business and Operational 468
2.5 建筑和房地产 169 4.4营商环境 468
2.6 Resources and Industrial Materials 180 Environment
2.6 资源及工业原料181
2.7 Electricity Generation 194 4.5US-China Bilateral Relations 475
2.7 电力生产1954.5中美双边关系 475
2.8 Logistics 216
2.8 物流浓217
2.9 Travel and Tourism230
2.9 旅行和旅游业231
2.10 Merchandising 240
2.10 销售241
2.11 Consumer Goods250
2.11 消涵费品 251
2.12 Food Services266
2.12餐馅饮服务业267
2.13 Culture, Sports, and Entertainment276
2.13 文化、体育和娱乐 277
2.14 Healthcare288
2.14 医疗保健欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司289
2.15 Education Industry 300
2.15 教育产业 301
2.16 Financial Sector 318
2.16 金融业319
2.17 Information and Communication336
2.17 信息通讯技术业 337
Technology Industry
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms 350
* 第一部分及第二部分由广州博朗翻译译服务有限公司后提搞供翻译译
in Part I and Part II 2023 White Paper on the Business Environment in China The American Chamber of Commerce in South China
President’s Message
economy is set totrade, supply chains, and remittances as well China’s trade surplus swelled to a record inability to bring their expatriate personnel into
China’s rebound in 2023 as as an historic surge in refugee flows. And three,US$877.6 billion in 2022 despite weakening US China during the zero-Covid period.
mobility and activity pick up after the liftingreduced business confidence and higher investor and European demand and COVID-19 control
of pandemic restrictions, providing a boost to uncertainty weighs on asset prices, tightening measures; FDI into the Chinese mainland, in actualChina’s economy will still face many grim
the global economy. The economy will expand financial conditions and potentially spurringuse, expanded 8% year-on-year to US$189.13challenges. Over the last four decades, China
5.2 percent this year versus roughly 3 percent capital outflows from emerging markets.Ru