I 摘要 随着我国经济的迅速发展和金融体系的深入改革，传统的金融机构无法满足金融 市场日益增强的资金需求，由此民间资本的活力得以充分释放，小额贷款欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司顺势崛 起，小额贷款公司也迎来了全新的发展机遇，从以扶贫为导向的政策性机构发展成为 真正具有商业意义的金融机构。小额贷款公司是由自然人、企业法人与其社会组织投 资设立的公司，是介于银行等正规金融机构与民间借贷之间的一种尝试性的准金融机 构，也是一种以利润为导向的商业性机构，对金融需求市场的补充和调节起到非常重 要的作用。但是，由于小额贷款资金以及运营等方面的特殊性，小额贷款公司也存在 着很多的管理风险，并影响了小额贷款公司的发展和金融市场的稳定。本文对A小 额贷款公司贷后的风险管理进行分析，挖掘A小额贷款公司贷后风险管理存在的问 题以及原因，并给出对策建议，以期对小额贷款欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司的贷后风险管理研究与实践提供 借鉴。 本文首先对小额贷款管理相关研究进行回顾，进一步基于问卷调查和访谈等研究 方法，以A小额贷款公司为研究对象，对其目前贷后风险存在的问题进行分析，调 查发现A公司贷后风险管理主要存在的问题为：贷后逾期风险较高；贷后操作系统 智能化程度低；贷后客户维护不善。文章进一步进行成因分析，发现单店运营模式的 局限性是导致贷后逾期风险高的主要原因；贷后管理系统老旧导致功能缺失、弱化， 进而影响贷后人员工作低效，在拉低产能的同时增大了贷后的管理风险；缺乏贷后客 户经营意识是贷后客户维护不善的主要原因。文章最后给出了具体的建议：通过转变 运营模式、建立多功能、智能化系统以及增强贷后客户的经营意识等提升贷后风险问 题。 关键词：小额贷款；贷后；风险管理；逾期 A小额贷款公司贷后风险管理研究 II Abstract WiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomyandthein-depthreformofthe financialsystem，Traditionalfinancialinstitutionscannotmeettheincreasingfunding needsoffinancialmarkets.Asaresult,thevitalityofprivatecapitalhasbeenfullyreleased, themicrofinanceindustryhasemerged,andmicrofinancecompanieshaveusheredinnew developmentopportunities.Fromapovertyalleviation-orientedpolicyinstitutiontoatruly commercialfinancialinstitution.Amicrofinancecompanyisacompanyestablishedby naturalpersons,corporatelegalpersonsanditssocialorganizations.Itisatentative quasi-financialinstitutionbetweenformalfinancialinstitutionssuchasbanksandprivate lending,andaprofit-orientedbusinessinstitutionsplayaveryimportantrolein supplementingandregulatingthefinancialdemandmarket.However,duetothespecial natureofmicrofinancefundsandoperations,microfinancecompaniesalsohavemany managementrisks,whichhaveaffectedthedevelopmentofmicrofinancecompaniesand thestabilityoffinancialmarkets.ThispaperanalyzestheriskmanagementofA microfinancecompanyafterloan,explorestheproblemsandcausesofpost-creditrisk managementofAmicrofinancecompany,andgivescountermeasuresandsuggestions,in ordertostudythepost-lendingriskmanagementofmicrofinanceindustry.Practice providesreference. Thispaperfirstreviewstheresearchonmicrofinancemanagement,andfurtherbased ontheresearchmethodssuchasquestionnairesandinterviews,takingAsmallloan companyastheresearchobject,andanalyzingtheproblemsexistinginthecurrent post-loanrisk.ThesurveyfoundthatthemainproblemsofAcompany'spost-loanrisk managementare:highriskofoverdueafterloan;lowdegreeofintelligenceofoperating systemafterloan;poormaintenanceofcustomersafterloan.Thearticlefurtheranalyzes thecauseandfindsthatthelimitationofthesingle-storeoperationmodeisthemainreason forthehighriskofoverdueaftertheloan;thepost-loanmanagementsystemisoldand leadstothelackoffunctionandweakening,whichinturnaffectstheinefficientworkof thepost-lendingpersonnelandlowerstheproductioncapacity.Atthesametime,it increasesthemanagementriskaftertheloan;thelackofcustomerawarenessaftertheloan isthemainreasonforthepoormaintenanceofthecustomeraftertheloan.Attheendofthe article,specificsuggestionsaregiven:toimprovethepost-loanriskproblemby transformingtheoperatingmodel,establishingamulti-functional,intelligentsystem,and enhancingtheoperationalawarenessofcustomersaftertheloan. Keywords:Microfinance；Post-loanmanagement；RiskManagement；Overdue 目录 III 目录 第1章绪论..........................................................................................................................1 1.1研究背景..................................................................................................................1 1.2研究意义..................................................................................................................2 1.3研究内容及架构......................................................................................................3 1.4研究方法与创新......................................................................................................3 第2章国内外相关研究......................................................................................................5 2.1相关概念界定...........................................................................................................5 2.1.1小额贷款与贷后风险.....................................................................................5 2.1.2小额贷款贷后风险管理.................................................................................6 2.1.3小额贷款风险管理的流程分析.....................................................................7 2.2小额贷款风险管理研究...........................................................................................9 2.2.1小额贷款的多元化认识.................................................................................9 2.2.2小额贷款风险管理的相关研究...................................................................10 2.2.3研究述评.....................................................................................................14 第3章A小额贷款公司发展现状分析.............................................................................16 3.1A公司简介.............................................................................................................16 3.1.1发展背景.......................................................................................................16 3.1.2组织架构.......................................................................................................16 3.2A公司的经营现状.................................................................................................17 3.2.1A公司的贷款产品项目...............................................................................17 3.2.2A公司贷款余额情况...................................................................................18 3.2.3A公司贷款质量情况....................................................................................19 3.3A公司贷后风险管理概述.....................................................................................19 3.3.1A公司风险控制关键因素...........................................................................19 3.3.2A公司贷后管理方法....................................................................................20 第4章A小额贷款公司贷后风险管理问题及成因分析...............................................23 4.1贷后风险管理问题调研设计.................................................................................23 4.1.1问卷设计.......................................................................................................23 4.1.2访谈设计.......................................................................................................25 A小额贷款公司贷后风险管理研究 IV 4.2调研数据分析.........................................................................................................26 4.2.1基础信息对贷后管理的影响分析...............................................................27 4.2.2运营模式对贷后管理影响的分析...............................................................28 4.2.3贷后系统对贷后风险管理的影响分析.......................................................30 4.3贷后风险管理问题总结.........................................................................................33 4.3.1贷后逾期风险高...........................................................................................34 4.3.2贷后操作系统智能化程度低.......................................................................35 4.3.3贷后客户维护不善.............................