随着我国教育体制改革的不断推进，我国的高等教育获得了长足的发展，大 学毕业生人数不断攀升，为我国社会主义现代化建设提供了大量优秀的要才。但 是由于大学毕业生越来越多，而大学生的就业资源有限，因此，大学生就业状况 越来越严峻。目前我国正处于社会主义市场经济不断完善和发展的重要阶段，提 高大学生的创业创新能力，既有利于我国大学生就业压力的缓解，同时也符合我 国建立创新型国家的具体要求。在此背景下，开展大学生创业精神、创新意识和 创业能力培养工作的意义也就更加重大，成为了一个亟待解决的重要课题。 本研究在国内外学者研究基础上，以海南民办高校大学生创业能力及其提升 策略为目标进行研究，综合运用文献研究法、问卷调查法、统计分析法对大学生 创业能力的内涵进行了深入的探索分析，并结合相关量表设计出了海南民办高校 大学生创业认识及创业能力问卷，分别分析海南民办高校大学生创业现状与创业 能力，在分析创业现状的同时，剖析海南民办高校大学生创业存在的问题，并在 此基础上对这些问题的成因进行分析，包括高校创新创业教育理念的薄弱、创新 创业教育重视程度不足、创新创业教育与环境不健全等。而通过对海南民办高校 大学生创业能力分析得到需要提升的结论。最后从地域环境、学校、家庭、学生 自身四个方面分析了影响海南民办高校大学生创业能力的因素并对如何培养海南 民办高校大学生创业能力进行了探讨，有针对性地提出策略建议，力图从更深层 次为提升海南民办高校大学生创业能力、缓解当前社会就业压力提供思路和着力 点。 创新创业能力作为一种推动社会经济发展的新型能力，其发展形势已是社会 发展的必然趋势，但就目前来看，我国的创新创业教育还处于初级阶段，其理论 研究还相对较少，缺少相应的实践活动，对于这些问题的存在，通过查找与分析， 本文则在其发展的路径上提出了以下几点对策：学校加强大学生创业能力的教育、 探索促进大学生创业的家庭教育作用、提升大学生自主创业的能力、建立健全政 府支持体系、创建适合创业的社会环境。 关键词：民办高校大学生，创业能力，提升，海南省 湖 北 工 业 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II Abstract With the continuous promotion of the reform of China's education system, China's higher education has made considerable development, and the number of college graduates continues to rise, providing a large number of excellent talents for China's socialist modernization. However, due to the increasing number of college graduates, and the employment resources of college students are limited, the employment situation of college students is becoming more and more serious. At present, China is in an important stage of continuous improvement and development of the socialist market economy. improving the entrepreneurial and innovative ability of college students is not only conducive to alleviating the employment pressure of our college students, but also in line with the specific requirements of building an innovative country. In this context, it is of great significance to carry out the cultivation of college students' entrepreneurial spirit, innovative consciousness and entrepreneurial ability, and has become an important issue to be solved urgently. On the basis of the research of scholars at home and abroad, this study aims at the entrepreneurial ability and its promotion strategies of private college students in Hainan. this paper makes an in-depth exploration and analysis of the connotation of college students' entrepreneurial ability by means of literature research, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis, and designs a questionnaire on entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial ability of private college students in Hainan. This paper analyzes the entrepreneurial status quo and entrepreneurial ability of private college students in Hainan, analyzes the entrepreneurial problems of private college students in Hainan, and analyzes the causes of these problems. it includes the weakness of the concept of innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, lack of attention to innovation and entrepreneurship education, innovation and entrepreneurship education and the environment is not perfect and so on. Through the analysis of the entrepreneurial ability of private college students in Hainan, we come to the conclusion that it needs to be improved. Finally, the paper analyzes the factors that affect the entrepreneurial ability of private college students in Hainan from the four aspects of regional environment, school, family and students themselves, and discusses how to cultivate the entrepreneurial ability of private college students in Hainan. targeted strategies and suggestions are put forward in an attempt to provide ideas and focal points for improving the entrepreneurial ability of private college students in Hainan and alleviating the current social employment pressure from a deeper level. Innovation and entrepreneurship, as a new type of ability to promote social and economic development, its development situation has been the inevitable trend of social development, but at present, China's innovation and entrepreneurship education is still in the initial stage, and its theoretical research is still relatively few. lack of corresponding practical activities, for the existence of these problems, through search and analysis, This paper puts forward the following countermeasures on the path of its development: the school strengthens the education of college students' entrepreneurial ability, explores the role of family education in promoting college students' entrepreneurship, and promotes the ability of college students to start their own business. establish and improve the government support system and create a social environment suitable for entrepreneurship. Keywords: Private College students, Entrepreneurship ability, Promotion, Hainan Province 湖 北 工 业 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 III 目 录 摘要 ...................... I Abstract .................... II 目 录 .................... III 第1章 绪论 ............ 1 1.1 选题背景和选题意义 ................. 1 1.1.1 选题背景 ......................... 1 1.1.2 选题目的 ......................... 2 1.1.3 选题意义 ......................... 2 1.2 国内外研究综述 ......................... 2 1.2.1 创业概念及过程研究 ...... 2 1.2.2 创业能力及提升研究 ...... 3 1.2.3 大学生创业研究 .............. 5 1.2.4 研究评述 ......................... 7 1.3 研究的主要内容及研究方法 ..... 7 1.3.1 研究的主要内容 .............. 7 1.3.2 研究方法 ......................... 7 第2章 相关概念及理论基础 ................ 9 2.1 概念基础 ...... 9 2.1.1 大学生创业...................... 9 2.1.2 创业能力 ....................... 11 2.2 理论基础 .... 11 2.3.1 社会网络理论 ................ 11 2.3.2 自我效能感理论 ............ 12 2.3.3 素质模型理论 ................ 12 2.3.4 管理者胜任力理论 ........ 12 第3章 海南省民办大学生创业现状分析 ......................... 13 3.1 海南民办大学生的基本情况简介 .......................... 13 3.2 海南省的创业环境分析 ........... 13 3.2.1 经济环境 ....................... 13 3.2.2 政治环境 ....................... 14 3.2.3 社会文化环境 ................ 16 3.2.4 科技环境 ....................... 17 3.3 海南民办高校大学生对于创业认识的调查研究 .. 18 湖 北 工 业 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 IV 3.3.1 问卷调查过程 ................ 18 3.3.2 问卷调查结果 ................ 19 3.4 海南民办高校大学生创业的问题 .......................... 25 3.4.1 对创业认识层次不齐 .... 25 3.4.2 高校培养创新能力与创业意识的实践缺乏 .............................. 26 3.4.3 大学生创新与创业能力欠缺 ....................... 26 3.5 海南民办大学生创业的问题成因 .......................... 27 3.5.1 高校创新创业教育理念的薄弱 ................... 27 3.5.2 创新创业教育重视程度不足 ....................... 27 3.5.3 创新创业教育与环境不健全 ....................... 28 第4章 海南民办高校大学生创业能力分析 ..................... 29 4.1 大学生创业能力要素识别 ....... 29 4.2 海南民办高校大学生创业能力调查 ...................... 30 4.2.1 问卷设计 ....................... 30 4.2.2 描述性统计分析 ............ 30 4.2.3 海南民办高校大学生创业能力调查结果分析 .......................... 31 4.2.4 海南民办高校大学生创业能力总结 ........... 38 4.3 影响海南民办高校大学生创业能力的因素 .......... 39 4.3.1 海南地域环境因素对创业能力的影响 ....... 39 4.3.2 影响大学生创业能力的教育因素 ...............