I 售电企业盈利模式的研究 ——以云南省LL售电企业为例 摘要 伴随着我国售电侧市场经济改革程度的不断加深，我国售电企业主体开始多 元化经营，售电企业的独立经营管理成为一种普遍趋势，在这种形势下，售电企 业的盈利模式开始受到越来越广泛的关注。云南省作为我国水利发电大省，省内 发电量远大于省内购电量，而且在电力系统改革背景下，云南省在2015年成立 了昆明市电力交易中心，经过多年的实践，云南省的电力市场经济主体数量迅速 增加，其中售电企业已经达到了一百二十家，在国内售电市场取得了较为突出的 成绩。LL售电企业作为云南省具有代表性的售电企业之一，其盈利模式在云南 省具有一定的代表性，因此本文选择该公司作为研究对象，对其盈利模式展开研 究，归纳总结出该公司盈利模式存在的问题，并提出改进措施，希望能够为我国 其他售电企业提供参考与借鉴。 本文主要研究内容分为五个部分： 第一部分为绪论部分，通过对选题背景与意义、国内外文献综述、研究内容 与研究方法的概述明确本文写作框架，从而为读者提供阅读指引。 第二部分为理论概述部分，通过对电力改革相关概念、盈利模式定义与分类、 电力市场交易特点以及售电企业盈利模式分类进行阐述与分析，以为后文的基础 研究奠定理论基础。同时总结了日本、德国以及国内白银供电公司与江苏中天科 技股份有限公司的部分经验，以为后续对策建议提出提供借鉴。 第三部分对售电企业盈利模式选择的影响因素进行了分别分析，包括售电企 业利润来源、电力市场交易情况、售电企业定价权、售电企业盈利能力四个方面 的因素，从而为后续的案例研究提供参考。 第四部分为案例分析部分，通过对LL售电企业的基本情况、主营业务、利 润情况、定价权、盈利能力、市场形势的分析，总结出其盈利模式现状，并指出 LL售电企业盈利模式存在的具体问题。 第五部分为对策建议部分，根据LL售电企业盈利模式存在的问题提出有针 摘要 II 对性的优化策略，从而为推动LL售电企业改进盈利模式，实现市场竞争力提升 以及可持续发展提供理论参考。 关键词：售电企业；盈利模式；云南省；LL售电企业 Abstract III Research on Profit Model of Electricity Sales Enterprises: A Case Study of LL Electricity Sales Enterprises in Yunnan Province Abstract With the deepening of the reform of the market economy at the power-selling side, the main body of the power-selling enterprises in China began to diversify, and the independent management of the power-selling enterprises became a general trend. Under this situation, the profit model of the power-selling enterprises began to receive more and more attention. Yunnan Province, as a large province of hydropower and power generation in China, generates much more electricity than it purchases. Under the background of power system reform, Yunnan Province established Kunming Electricity Exchange Center in 2015. After years of practice, the number of main bodies of power market economy in Yunnan Province has increased rapidly. Among them, electricity selling enterprises have reached one. One hundred and twenty companies have made outstanding achievements in the domestic electricity market. LL is one of the representative electricity selling enterprises in Yunnan Province. Its profit model is representative in Yunnan Province. So this paper chooses LL as the research object, studies its profit model, summarizes the problems existing in its profit model, and puts forward improvement measures, hoping to be able to help me. Other power selling enterprises in China provide reference and reference. The main contents of this paper are divided into five parts: The first part is the introduction part, which clarifies the writing framework of this article through the background and significance of the topic, literature review at home and abroad, research content and research methods, so as to provide readers with reading guidance. The second part is an overview of the theory. It elaborates and analyses the Abstract IV related concepts of power reform, the definition and classification of profit models, the characteristics of electricity market transactions and the classification of profit models of power selling enterprises, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the following basic research. In the third part, the influencing factors of the profit model selection of power selling enterprises are analyzed separately, including the profit source of power selling enterprises, electricity market transaction situation, pricing power of power selling enterprises and profit ability of power selling enterprises, so as to provide reference for subsequent case studies. The fourth part is the case analysis part. Through the analysis of the basic situation, main business, profit situation, pricing power, profitability and market situation of LL power selling enterprise, the current situation of its profit model is summarized, and the specific problems of LL power selling company's profit model are pointed out. The fifth part is the countermeasure and suggestion part. According to the problems existing in the profit model of LL power selling enterprises, the paper puts forward targeted optimization strategies, which can provide theoretical references for promoting LL power selling enterprises to improve the profit model and realize the promotion of market competitiveness and sustainable development. Key words: power selling enterprises; profit model; Yunnan Province; LL Power Selling Enterprises 目录 V 目 录 摘要.........................................................................................................I ABSTRACT...................................................................................................III 第1章 绪论...............................................................................................1 1.1选题背景和意义................................................................................................1 1.1.1选题背景...............................................................................................1 1.1.2 选题意义..............................................................................................2 1.2 国内外研究综述...............................................................................................3 1.2.1 国外研究综述......................................................................................3 1.2.2 国内研究综述......................................................................................4 1.3 研究内容和方法...............................................................................................6 1.3.1 研究内容..............................................................................................6 1.3.2 研究方法..............................................................................................7 1.3.3 技术路线..............................................................................................7 第2章 相关概念与理论..........................................................................8 2.1 相关概念与理论概述.......................................................................................8 2.1.1 售电侧改革相关概念..........................................................................8 2.1.2 盈利模式的定义及特征......................................................................9 2.1.3 电力市场交易特点..............................................................................9 2.2售电企业盈利模式分类及特点......................................................................10 2.2.1基础盈利模式.....................................................................................10 2.2.2综合能源服务模式.............................................................................11 2.2.3实时电价模式.....................................................................................11 2.2 国内外经验借鉴.............................................................................................12 2.2.1国外经验借鉴.....................................................................................12 2.2.2国内经验借鉴.....................................................................................13 第3章 售电企业盈利模式选择影响因素............................................15 目录 VI 3.1 售电企业利润来源.........................................................................................15 3.1.1响应电力需求