旅游业在助力区域产业转型升级、促进地区经济发展方面发挥了重要作用， 同时对生态环境产生了双重效应,既具有净化降污、维护生物多样性与气候调节 的价值，又给支持其发展地区的生态环境造成了不小的压力。 乌鲁木齐市作为自然资源依托型旅游目的地，旅游过度开发使目的地资源消 耗和环境破坏现象日益严峻，生态系统的再生能力已经受到长期旅游开发中的过 度开发行为的影响，长此以往必将影响旅游系统的健康发展，因此通过旅游系统 对生态系统进行反哺，即构建旅游生态补偿机制是旅游生态实现可持续发展的重 要举措。构建科学化、规范化的旅游生态补偿机制，既是维持生态系统对旅游业 的支持力、协调旅游发展所涉及利益关系的必然要求，也是完善生态脆弱区生态 补偿机制、推动区域生态文明制度建设的重要途径。 本文通过运用旅游生态足迹模型对乌鲁木齐市旅游生态价值损益进行评价， 发现乌鲁木齐市旅游生态处于不可持续发展状态，需要通过旅游生态补偿方式进 行增“益”降“损”。因此，本文以“现状与问题分析——损益评价方法研究— —补偿机制研究”为研究主线，对乌鲁木齐市旅游生态负荷情况进行定量分析， 明确旅游生态补偿实施的必要性；并基于利益相关者理论，探讨游客对旅游生态 补偿的支付意愿及其参与方式，对游客支付意愿进行货币化估算，将其作为旅游 生态补偿的一个标准；在此基础上，通过调研与欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司分析方式，对乌鲁木齐市旅 游生态补偿的主客体、补偿对象、保障措施等关键要素进行研究分析，提出“输 血式”、“造血式”补偿相结合的乌鲁木齐市旅游生态补偿模式。本文旨在建立 合理有效的旅游生态补偿机制，平衡各利益主体的权益关系，形成区域发展-旅 游发展-生态保护的良性互动关系，为实现乌鲁木齐市的可持续发展提供理论依 据。 关键词，干旱区;旅游生态足迹;旅游生态补偿;可持续新疆大学硕士学位论文 II Abstract Tourism has played an important role in helping the regional industry to transform,upgrade and promote regional economic development. At the same time, it has a dual effect on the ecological environment, which not only has the value of purifying pollution, maintaining biodiversity and climate regulation, but also it has caused a lot of pressure on the ecological environment of supporting its development areas. Urumqi City is a natural resource dependent tourism destination.Over-exploitation of tourism has made the resource consumption and environmental destruction of destinations increasingly severe. The regeneration capacity of ecosystems has been affected by the excessive development of long-term tourism development. In the long run, it will affect the tourism system. The healthy development, therefore, through the tourism system to feed back the ecosystem, that is, the construction of tourism ecological compensation mechanism is an important measure for the sustainable development of tourism ecology.Construct a scientific and standardized tourism ecological compensation mechanism is not only an inevitable requirement for maintaining the support of the ecosystem for the tourism industry and for coordinating the interests involved in tourism development;but also it is an important way to improve the ecological compensation mechanism of ecologically fragile areas and promote the construction of regional ecological civilization system. This paper evaluates the tourism ecological value loss of Urumqi by using the tourism ecological footprint model, and finds that the tourism ecology of Urumqi is in an unsustainable development state, and it is necessary to increase the “benefit” and “loss” through the tourism ecological compensation. Therefore, this paper takes the present situation and problem analysis - the study of the benefit and loss evaluation method - the compensation mechanism research as the main line of research, quantitative analysis of the tourism ecological load situation in Urumqi, and clarifies the necessity of the implementation of tourism ecological compensation;Based on the stakeholder theory, this paper discusses the willingness of新疆大学硕士学位论文 III tourists to pay for tourism ecological compensation and their participation methods, and estimates the willingness of tourists to monetize as a standard for tourism ecological compensation;On this basis, through research and data analysis, the key elements such as the subject and object, compensation objects and safeguard measures of tourism ecological compensation in Urumqi are studied and analyzed, and Urumqi City, which combines “transfusion type” and “hematopoietic” compensation, is proposed. Tourism ecological compensation model.The purpose of this paper is to establish a reasonable and effective tourism ecological compensation mechanism, balance the rights and interests of various stakeholders, and form a benign interaction between regional development, tourism development and ecological protection, and provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of Urumqi. Keyword: arid area; tourism ecological footprint; tourism ecological compensation; sustainable新疆大学硕士学位论文 目 录 摘要.................................................................................................................................................I Abstract...........................................................................................................................................II 一、绪论.............................................................................................................................................1 （一）选题背景.........................................................................................................................1 （二）研究目的及意义.............................................................................................................2 1.研究目的.........................................................................................................................2 2.研究意义.........................................................................................................................2 （三）研究思路与技术路线图.................................................................................................3 1.研究思路.........................................................................................................................3 2.技术路线.........................................................................................................................3 （四）文献综述.........................................................................................................................4 1.关于旅游业对生态环境影响的研究进展.................................................................... 5 （1）关于旅游生态足迹模型的研究进展..............................................................5 （2）关于旅游生态环境承载力的研究进展..........................................................6 2.关于生态负荷的研究进展.............................................................................................6 3.关于旅游生态补偿的研究.............................................................................................7 （1）国内外生态补偿研究概况 .......................................................................... 7 （2）国内外旅游生态补偿研究概况...................................................................... 8 4.文献述评.......................................................................................................................10 （五）论文的创新点...............................................................................................................11 二、乌鲁木齐市社会经济及旅游发展概况...................................................................................12 （一）研究区概况...................................................................................................................12 （二）研究区旅游发展现状分析...........................................................................................12 （三）研究区生态补偿现状分析...........................................................................................13 （四）本章小结.......................................................................................................................14 三、乌鲁木齐市旅游生态价值损益评价................................................