华大基因作为国内基因测序欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司的龙头企业，积极布局全产业链，在多个相 关欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司发展业务，近年取得了超常规的发展速度。在采购管理中，由于华大基因 采购的物料种类较多，加之基因检测业务的特殊性，例如需求不稳定、计划性差、 测序业务所需关键试剂类原料的效期较短、前置期较长，所以订单是较为分散且 缺乏计划性的，因此产生了供货不及时或者库存高甚至浪费的情况。在采购管理 中，如何基于精益化的管理理念和操作方法，实现华大基因的精益化采购管理， 是华大基因快速增长中的关键问题。 为此，论文的研究主题界定为华大基因精益采购管理的优化策略。围绕这一 主题，论文内容分为五章。首先，论文通过文献研究法梳理了精益采购管理思想 的相关概念，并对其国内外的研究现状进行了探究。其后，针对华大基因目前采 购管理中存在的问题，通过焦点访谈、统计分析、系统归纳法等研究方法，依据 精益采购管理的理念确定优化路径，最终设计了一套适用于华大基因的精益采购 管理优化策略。 通过研究，针对华大基因采购管理存在的不足，论文提出了涵盖人（采购人 员）、计（采购计划和提报）、供（供应商）、系（ERP 系统，电子报账系统）、流 （流程和制度）、环（人文环境）等六个方面的华大基因精益采购管理的优化策 略。并从组织结构、信息系统和人员素质三个方面提出了策略实施的保障措施。 华大基因的采购管理具有其特殊性，基于精益化的采购管理优化策略对于提 升华大基因的采购效率，乃至公司的绩效水平具有很强的应用价值。此外，论文 的研究成果对于基因测序欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司采购管理普遍面临的困境的解决具有一定的指导 意义。 关键词：基因测序，精益管理，采购管理，采购早期介入II STUDY ON THE OPTMUM STRATEGIES OF LEAN PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT OF BGI Abstract BGI（Beijing Genomics Institute）, as the leading enterprise in gene sequencing industry in China, activity lays out the whole industry chain and develops its business in many related industries. In recent years, BGI has achieved extraordinary development speed. Due to the variety of materials purchased, the particularity of genetic sequencing business, such as unstable demand, poor planning, the short validity and long lead time of key reagents as raw materials required by sequencing business, purchase orders are more dispersed and lack of planning, resulting in the situation of delayed supply or high inventory and even waste. How to realize the lean purchasing management based on the lean management concept and operation method in the purchasing management is the key problem in the rapid growth of BGI. Therefore, the research topic of this paper is defined as the optimization strategy of the lean procurement management of BGI. Around this theme, the paper is divided into five chapters. Firstly, the paper sorts out the related concepts of lean procurement management thought through literature research method, and studies the research status in China and abroad. Thereafter, aiming at the problems existing in BGI's present purchasing management, through focused interviews, statistical analysis, systematic induction and other research methods, according to the concept of lean procurement management to determine the optimization path, and finally designed a set of optimization strategies for BGI's lean procurement management. Through research, aiming at the shortcomings of BGI's purchasing management, this paper puts forward six optimization strategies for BGI's lean procurement management, including people (purchasing personnel), planning (purchasing plan and reporting), suppliers (suppliers), systems (ERP system, electronic accounting system), flow (policies and procedures), and environment (cultural environment). And from the three aspects of organizational structure, information system and staff quality, it puts forward the safeguard measures for the implementation of the strategy. BGI's purchasing management has its particularity. The optimization strategies based on lean procurement management have a strong application value for improvingIII BGI's purchasing efficiency and even the company's performance level. In addition, the research results of this paper have a certain guiding significance for solving the common dilemma faced by purchasing management in gene sequencing industry. Keywords：gene sequencing, lean management, procurement management, early intervention of procurementIV 目 录 中文摘要.................................................I Abstract ................................................ II 第一章 前言 .............................................1 1.1 研究背景与研究问题..........................................1 1.1.1 研究背景 ...............................................1 1.1.2 研究主题 ...............................................2 1.2 研究内容与研究方法..........................................3 1.2.1 研究内容 ...............................................3 1.2.2 研究方法 ...............................................3 1.3 论文框架与研究意义..........................................4 1.3.1 研究框架 ...............................................4 1.3.2 研究意义 ...............................................5 1.4 论文的创新之处..............................................6 第二章 精益采购管理的基础理论与研究现状 .................7 2.1 精益思想的缘起和发展........................................7 2.1.1 精益思想理念的缘起 .....................................7 2.1.2 精益采购的发展 .........................................7 2.2 精益采购的基础理论..........................................8 2.2.1 契约理论 ...............................................8 2.2.2 信息不对称理论 .........................................8 2.2.3 交易成本理论 ...........................................9 2.2.4 协同理论 ...............................................9 2.3 精益采购管理的国内外研究现状................................9 2.3.1 采购人员问题的文献研究 .................................9 2.3.2 采购计划的文献研究 ....................................10 2.3.3 供应商管理的文献研究 ..................................11 2.3.4 采购管理信息系统的文献研究 ............................11 2.3.5 采购流程的文献研究 ....................................12V 2.3.6 采购管理理念和文化的文献研究 ..........................13 第三章 华大基因采购管理现存问题的诊断 ..................14 3.1 华大基因简介...............................................14 3.2 采购管理的现状.............................................15 3.2.1 组织架构 ..............................................15 3.2.2 采购流程 ..............................................16 3.2.3 采购效率 ..............................................17 3.2.4 采购物料构成 ..........................................18 3.2.5 采购绩效考核 ..........................................19 3.3 采购管理现存问题的访谈调查.................................21 3.3.1 访谈的组织 ............................................21 3.3.2 访谈的目标 ............................................21 3.3.3 访谈的提纲 ............................................21 3.3.4 访谈的概述 ............................................22 3.4 采购管理的现存问题.........................................24 3.4.1 采购人员素质不高 ......................................24 3.4.2 采购计划不合理 ........................................25 3.4.3 供应商管理水平不高 ....................................25 3.4.4 采购管理信息系统不完善 ................................26 3.4.5 采购管理流程不科学 ....................................27 3.4.6 采购部门管理环境建设不足 ..............................29 3.5 采购管理问题的成因.........................................32 第四章 华大基因精益采购的优化策略 ......................35 4.1 精益采购的目标和原则.......................................35 4.1.1 精益采购的目标 ........................................35 4.1.2 精益采购的原则 ........................................35 4.2 精益采购管理的优化策略.....................................39 4.2.1 采购人员能力与素质的提升 ..............................39 4.2.2 采购计划的精益化 ......................................39 4.2.3 供应商管理的优化 ......................................40 4.2.4 采购管理信息系统的优化 ................................40VI 4.2.5 采购管理流程的精益化 ..................................41 4.2.6 管理氛围与组织文化的优化 .....