随着国民经济的不断发展，需要建造更多的建筑物和构筑物，由于可供建筑的地 面限制，一些地区工业厂房和住宅楼只能建在老采空区上方。有些大型工程又不得不 穿越老采空区，比如一些大型的铁路工程。因此开展对老采空区场地建筑可行性研究 是亟待解决的问题。 本人通过阅读大量中外期刊和文献，对地表移动预计理论和老采空区场地建筑可 行性方面的研究进展进行了阐述。本人在撰写本报告时，在收集、研究矿区欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司的基 础上，确定了研究内容，制定了缜密的技术路线。根据地表变形监测数据，运用概率 积分法和有限元分析软件对老采空区场地建筑可行性进行了研究，并取得了一些成 果。 1、研究区场地平坦，地层复杂，煤层倾角大，地层中有断层发育。其中不同时 间开采的老采空区交错分布、相互影响。煤层开采完成后，在矿区的老采空区按走向 和倾向主断面布设两横一纵监测线，两条横向监测线平均间距为 50m，三条监测线上 能够获得有效数据的监测点共55个。运用EXCEL对监测数据进行处理生成沉降曲线， 做为下面两种评价方法的检验标准。 2、在老采空区地表建造建筑物之前，依据概率积分法原理，运用 MATLAB 工程 计算软件编制有关程序，计算地表残余变形值。把计算所得的数据导入 SURFER 软件 中生成等值线图，据此判断它的各个区域的稳定性，并确定适宜建造建筑物的范围。 包括分布在工业广场西侧、中西部及西北部，拟建主厂区以南、拟建储煤场以东，不 稳定区的西南角，拟建主厂区的南部的基本稳定区和仅在拟建主厂区北部呈东西向条 带状分布的稳定区。 3、通过以上研究结果分析，选择 6 条地质详查剖面，运用非线性有限元理论建 立模型，分析了采空区顶板及其上覆岩土体在自重应力下地表垂直位移量、覆岩内部 破坏状况在不同位置处的应力和位移的大小。结果表明，不稳定区，位于工业广场以 东、拟建主厂区西南，基本处于采空区中部；欠稳定区，分布在不稳定区与基本稳定 区之间的广大区域；基本稳定区，分布在工业广场西侧、中西部及西北部，拟建主厂 区以南、拟建储煤场以东，不稳定区的西南角，拟建主厂区的南部；稳定区，仅在拟 建主厂区北部呈东西向狭长条带状分布。 关键词， 老采空区；建筑可行性；监测数据；概率积分法；有限元分析III ABSTRACT With the continuous development of the national economy, the need to build more buildings and structures, as the ground for the building restrictions in some areas of industrial plants and residential buildings can only be built on top of old goaf.Some major projects had to cross the goaf, such as some large-scale railway projects.Therefore carry out a feasibility study on the site of old goaf building is a serious problem. Author by reading a lot of Chinese and foreign journals and literature review of research on the ground movement and the old goaf venue construction feasibility is expected described.At the time of writing this paper,in the collection,study, based on datamining to determine the research to develop arigorous technical route.According surface deformation monitoring data, the use of probability integration method and finite element analysis software goaf venue construction feasibility studies and achieved some results. 1.A study area venues flat, complex formation, seam dip angle, fault formation in development. Which at different times of the old mining goaf staggered distribution, influence each other. After the completion of coal mining in the mine goaf by strike and dip of two main sections were established to monitor horizontal and one vertical line, two lines transverse to monitor the average spacing of 50m, three monitoring points to monitor online access to a total of 55 valid data . The use of monitoring data processing EXCEL settlement curve is generated, as the two evaluation methods following test. 2.Before goaf surface construction of buildings, based on the principles of probability integration method, using MATLAB software development related engineering calculation program that calculates the value of surface residual deformation. The calculated data import SURFER software generates contour map, to judge the stability of its various regions, and to determine the appropriate scope of the construction of buildings. Including distribution west of the square in the industrial Midwest and northwest, south of the proposed main plant, east of the proposed coal yard, unstable region in the southwest corner, the basic stability of the southern area of the proposed main plant and only intendedIV main plant was built in the northern part of the east-west direction banded stable distribution. 3. Through the above analysis of the findings, detailed geological surveys to select six sections, the use of nonlinear finite element theory to model, analyze the gob roof and overlying rock and soil below the surface in the gravity stress vertical displacement, destruction of overlying rock internal situation the magnitude of the stress and displacement at different locations. The results showed that: the unstable region: Located east of Industrial Square, the proposed main plant southwest, basically in the middle of mined-out area; less stable region: unstable region with the majority located in the area between the relatively stable area; basically stable area: distributed west of the square in the industrial Midwest and northwest, south of the proposed main plant, east of the proposed coal yard, unstable region in the southwest corner, south of the proposed main plant; the stable region: Only in the proposed master plant in northern distribution to narrow east-west strip. Keywords:Goaf; construction feasibility; monitoring data; probability integration method; finite element analysisV 目 录 .............................................................................................................................................VI 摘要..................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................... III 第一章 绪论......................................................................................................................1 1.1 选题研究的意义..............................................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状..............................................................................................................1 1.2.1 国内外对老采空区稳定性机制的研究现状...............................................................2 1.2.2 国内外对老采空区稳定性预测方法的研究现状.......................................................3 1.3 老采空区稳定性预测方法存在的问题..........................................................................5 1.4 某老采空区的研究内容..................................................................................................6 1.5 研究方法和技术路线......................................................................................................6 第二章 研究区工程概况.....................................................................................................9 2.1 园区简介..........................................................................................................................9 2.2 评价的范围....................................................................................................................10 2.3 地理概况........................................................................................................................10 2.4 地下采空区....................................................................................................................13 2.4.1 分布面积.....................................................................................................................13 2.4.2 分布特征.....................................................................................................................13 2.5 地质灾害........................................................................................................................14 2.5.1 地面沉降.....................................................................................................................14 2.5.2 地面塌陷.....................................................................................................................14 2.6 矿