唐 80 井区于 2001 年开始进行注水开发先导试验，在注水开发过程中出现部分井东 西向裂缝水窜、含水上升快、采油速度低、累积注采比低、提高注水能力较困难等诸多 难题。为了提高唐 80 井区的开发速度和提高采收率，同时为了给整个油田补充能量、提 高开发速度和采收率提供经验，认为有必要开展唐 80 井区注空气泡沫驱油效率先导试验 研究，探索本区超低渗透油田提高采收率的二次采油新途径。 通过对唐 80 井区的油藏温压系统、储层敏感性、压裂施工效果的分析，进行了空气 驱、泡沫驱、水驱等实验，综合对比评价了水驱和泡沫驱，并在泡沫驱中对泡沫方案进 行了优选，明确了唐 80 井区可在 16MPa 下能进行有效的注入空气和泡沫及其见效期限 和见效程度。确定了空气泡沫驱的井组优选的原则，并对注入参数进行了优选。 现场试验表明，泡沫驱未出现注入流体的窜进现象；各井均有增液、降水、增油效 果；原高含水井含水下降幅度大，原低含水井含水下降幅度小，见效后各井含水率差别 较水驱时各井含水率差别大幅度降低。此外，经济效益显著，预计投入产出比大于 1:3。 关键词，空气泡沫驱 提高采收率 唐 80 井区 先导性试验 报告类型，应用研究III ABSTRACT The Tang 80 area waterflooding pilot trials began in 2001,in the process of waterflooding in wells of east-west fracture water breakthrough,water cut rising fast,indiviual well shut-in for water,north and south to water injection well is hard to work.Oil recovery rate is low,accumulated injection-production ratio is low,formation energy continues to decline,water injection well head pressure continued to rise,water injection pressure close to the crack extension,improve the ability of water injection is difficult.Beside,in shanbei region,this paper combined with drought,there are so many problems,such as large-scale comprehensive water injection development difficulties.In order to improve the development of tang 80 wellblock speed and improve recovery factor,at the same time in order to give the whole oil field energy,increase the speed of development and to provide experience for recovery,it is necessary to carry out tang 80 area air injection efficiency of foam flooding pilot test study,to explore the secondary oil recovery of ultra-low permeability oil field to improve oil recovery in this area. By analyzing the reservoir temperature and pressure systems, reservoir sensitivity and fracturing effects of Tang 80 area, we carried out air flooding, foam flooding , water flooding and other experiments. Evaluated water flooding and foam flooding comprehensive，chose the best foam solution in foam flooding. Clear Tang 80 area effectively injecting air and foam under 16MPa and its effective duration and effective level. Determined the principles of wells optimization of air-bubble flooding and optimize the injection parameters. Field tests showed that foam flooding does not appear injection fluid channeling, each well has efficiency of Liquid increases, precipitation and oil increases, the water drop of original high water cut wells is big, the original low water cut wells is small;and the difference between the moisture content of each well when compared to waterflooding moisture content of each well have significantly reduce. In addition, the economic efficiency significantly, expected input-output ratio is greater than 1:3. Keywords: Air-bubble flooding, Enhanced oil recovery, Tang 80 area, pilot test Thesis: Application StudyIV 目 录 第一章 绪论..................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 国内外研究现状.................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 本文主要研究内容................................................................................................................................ 3 第二章 空气泡沫驱油试验区唐 80 井区概况............................................................................................5 2.1 试验区基本地质特征............................................................................................................................. 5 2.1.1 构造沉积特征...................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 岩石学特征.......................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.3 孔隙结构特征...................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.4 储层物性及非均质性.......................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 储层流体性质....................................................................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 地层水及注入水性质........................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.2 原油性质............................................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.3 天然气性质........................................................................................................................................ 12 2.3 油藏温压系统............................................................................................................................... 13 2.4 储层潜在敏感性分析........................................................................................................................... 13 2.5 裂缝发育方向............................................................................................................................... 15 2.6 唐 80 试验区开发简况........................................................................................................................ 15 2.7 生产井压裂施工情况........................................................................................................................... 16 2.8 注水开发动态情况....................................................................................................................... 17 第三章 空气泡沫驱室内评价分析研究....................................................................................................20 3.1 轻质油藏注空气低温氧化原理........................................................................................................... 20 3.1.1 注入的空气与地下原油发生低温氧化反应.................................................................................... 20 3.1.2 LTO 反应动力学研究....................................................................................................... 21 3.1.3 轻质油藏的自燃点火及影响因素.................................................................................................... 22 3.2 唐 80 井区低温氧化时间预测............................................................................................................. 24 3.2.1 唐 80 井区与国内外注空气油田油藏对比评价分析...................................................................... 24 3.2.2 唐 80 井区原油低温氧化所需时间预测.......................................................................................... 25 3.3 泡沫液配方优选研究........................................................................................................................... 27 3.3.1 室内泡沫配方优选实验成果............................................................................................................ 27 3.3.2 产生泡沫的气相优选研究................................................................................................................ 29 3.4 岩心驱替实验研究............................................................................................................................... 29 3.4.1 岩心水驱油实验................................................................................................................................ 29 3.4.2 泡沫驱油实验....................................................