目 录
第 1 章 导论1
1.1 选题的背景和研究意义 1
1.1.1 选题背景 1
1.1.2 研究意义 2
1.2 国内外研究综述 2
1.2.1 国内研究现状 2
1.2.2 国外研究现状 3
1.3 研究思路与方法 4
1.3.1 研究思路 4
1.3.2 研究方法 4
1.3.3 研究内容与框架 4
第 2 章 商业银行贸易融资核心概念及风险管理主要内容 6
2.1 贸易融资核心概念 6
2.1.1 贸易融资的含义 6
2.1.2 贸易融资的种类 6
2.1.3 贸易融资的特点 7
2.2 贸易融资的风险类别及风险管理特点 8
2.2.1 贸易融资的主要风险类别 8
2.2.2 贸易融资风险管理特点 9
第 3 章 Z 银行贸易融资业务发展及风险管理现状11
3.1 Z 银行简介11
3.2 贸易融业务发展情况及特点 11
3.3 贸易融资业务风险管理现状 14
3.4 贸易融资典型不良案例分析 16
第 4 章 Z 银行贸易融资业务风险管理中存在的主要问题20
4.1 贸易融资风险认识不足 20
4.2 贸易融资授信管理模式亟需调整 20
4.3 规章制度执行不到位 21
4.4 考核激励机制不配套 22
4.5 人才队伍建设有待加强 22
4.6 IT 系统建设迟缓24
第 5 章 Z 银行贸易融资风险管理问题解决对策25II
5.1 培育健康的风险合规文化 25
5.2 完善贸易融资授信管理模式 26
5.3 全力提升制度执行的有效性 27
5.4 建立全面有效的绩效考评体系 28
5.5 加强专业人才队伍建设 29
5.6 构建智慧 IT 系统 29
第 6 章 结论31
6.1 结论31
6.2 不足与展望31
参考文献32
致 谢34III
Contents
1. Introduction1
1.1 The background and significance of the research1
1.1.1 Research background 1
1.1.2 Research significance2
1.2 Domestic and foreign research review 2
1.2.1 Domestic research status 2
1.2.2 Foreign research status 3
1.3 Research ideas and methods 4
1.3.1 Research ideas 4
1.3.2 Research methods 4
1.3.3 Content and framework of the research 4
2. Core concept and main component of risk management of trade financing for
commercial banks 6
2.1 Core concepts of trade financing 6
2.1.1 The meaning of trade financing 6
2.1.2 The types of trade financing 6
2.1.3 The characteristics of trade financing 7
2.2 Trade financing risk categories and risk management features 8
2.2.1 Major risk categories 8
2.2.2 Risk management features 9
3. Z bank trade financing business development status 11
3.1 The Introduction of Z bank11
3.2 Development situation and characteristics of trade financing business 11
3.3 The present situation of trade financing business assets 14
3.4 Typical case analysis of adverse trade financing16
4. The main problems of the Z bank trade financing business risk management 20
4.1 The lack of risk identification 20
4.2 Inappropriate credit management mode20
4.3 Insufficient executive ability in rules and regulations21
4.4 Inappropriate assessment and incentive mechanism 22
4.5 The shortage of talent team 22
4.6 Slowly construction of IT system 24IV
5. Z bank risk management of trade financing solutions 25
5.1 To cultivate a healthy culture of compliance attitude to the risk of trade financing
25
5.2 To improve the management mode of credit risk management in the whole
process of trade financing26
5.3 To improve the effectiveness execution in rules and regulations 27
5.4 To establish the overall effective and comprehensive evaluation system 28
5.5 To strengthen the construction of professional talent team 29
5.6 To construct a kind of intelligent IT system 29
6. Conclusion31
6.1 Conclusion31
6.2 Insufficient and prospects 31
References 32
Acknowledgement 341
摘 要
近年来，贸易融资业务伴随着国际结算的兴起而蓬勃发展，在银行和企业间
扮演着越来越重要的角色。贸易融资是指在商品交易中，运用结构性短期融资工
具，基于商品交易如原油、金属、谷物等中的存货、预付款、应收账款等资产的
融资。贸易融资以其风险低、收益高、周转快，且能够推动银行中间业务发展等
有优点，越来越被商业银行重视，同时因为产品种类层出不穷、功能性强，更好
地满足企业的资金融通需求，而备受企业青睐

但是，贸易融资业务蓬勃发展之后也逐渐暴露了一系列风险，面对世界经济
形势下行、复杂多变的外部环境，贸易融资业务的风险管理面临着前所未有的压
力与挑战。除宏观经济影响因素外，银行更应从自身内部角度审视检阅风险管理
工作的不足，以避免不良大量爆发的现象

Z 银行江西省分行作为江西省一家颇具规模的大银行，近年来在贸易融资领
域遇到许多问题，本文以 Z 银行的贸易融资风险管理研究为主线，有针对性地开
展实证研究。通过剖析贸易融资风险种类及特点，结合 Z 银行的贸易融资业务发
展情况，分析了业务产品分布、发展变化，欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司地区分布等特点，以及其近五年
来贸易融资资产质量情况及变化趋势，结合三个典型不良案例分析总结了其在贸
易融资风险管理中主要存在的问题主要为：贸易融资风险认识不足、贸易融资授
信管理模式亟需调整、规章制度执行不到位、考核激励机制不配套、人才队伍建
设有待加强、IT 系统建设迟缓等六方面问题，最后从银行自身内部管理角度给出
了相应的解决对策，即培育健康的风险合规文化、完善贸易融资授信管理模式、
全力提升制度执行的有效性、建立全面有效的绩效考评体系、加强专业人才队伍
建设、构建智慧 IT 系统等

本文对贸易融资风险管理的研究成果可以作为即将从事或目前正在从事贸易
融资业务的人员了解贸易融资业务特点及风险控制的一个窗口，有助于银行信贷
从业人员把握贸易融资产品风险特点并做好预防控制措施，有助于银行审批部门
更好地进行贸易融资授信风险管理，还可以为银行管理层及国家监管部门提供引
导银行自我内部风险管理的参考与借鉴

本文针对 Z 银行贸易融资风险管理的现状进行研究，试图提出适合 Z 银行自
身发展与管理相适应的风险控制措施和对策，囿于笔者知识水平的限制，且缺乏
一定的定量分析和模型研究，还有待进一步深入研究探讨

关键词：银行、贸易融资、风险管理、内部视角2
Abstract
In recent years, with the bloom of international settlement，trade financing is in
the period of vigorous development. It is playing an important role between banks and
enterprises. The so-called trade financing is a kind of short-term structural financing
tools in the trade transaction, that makes the use of structural short-term financing
tools, basing on commodities such as crude oil, metals and grains in the inventory,
prepayments, accounts receivable and other assets. Because of its lower risk, higher
income and faster turnover, trade financing promotes an intermediary business
development for commercial banks. More and more attention was taken on it by the
commercial banks. At the same time, the products of trade financing emerge in an
endless stream and strong functionality, and they meet the financing needs of
enterprises well. It was highly favored among companies.
However, after the rapid development of trade financing, the risks are gradually
exposed with a series of factors with the downturn of world economy and the complex
external environment. The risk management of trade financing is also facing the
hitherto unknown pressure and challenge. In addition to macroeconomic factors
affecting, commercial banks should also to review the effectiveness of risk
management measures and methods in internal perspective, in order to avoid the
outbreak of a large number of bad assets.
In recent years, the Z bank of Jiangxi Province branch (hereinafter referred to as
Z bank), acted as one considerable size of the large banks, encountered many
problems in the field of trade financing. This thesis focuses on the empirical research
of risk management in trade financing of Z bank. Through the analysis risk types and
characteristics of trade financing, combined with the development of trade financing
business situation of Z bank, the thesis analyzes the business product distribution,
development and change of industry characteristics, regional distribution, and the
trend of trade financing, asset quality and changes in the past five years. This thesis
combined with the analysis of three typical adverse case and summarizes the main
problems in trade financing of Z bank in the field of risk management, that is mainly:
1.the lack of risk identification ， 2. inappropriate credit management
mode,3.insufficient executive ability in rules and regulations,4.inappropriate
assessment and incentive mechanism;5.the shortage