摘 要
城市公共交通企业具有生产性、服务性、公益性的特点，作为社会经济生产的第一
道工序，公共交通企业的有效运作直接影响着城市经济的发展。一方面，“公交优先”战
略已经成为各级政府的共识，在城市公共交通规划、法规、资金投入等方面为公交欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司
发展提供了极大的支持。另一方面，随着城市公共交通公益性的特性越来越明显，企业
经营性、市场竞争性逐渐被弱化，公交企业如何从自身入手，转变经营的理念，根据城
市公共交通政策的发展趋势重新调整公司发展的战略规划，增强核心的竞争力，在公交
优先的发展浪潮中抢占先机是当前公交企业亟待研究的问题。

本文以 YIQI 公司为主要研究对象，通过提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的研
究思路，运用了“五力模型”、“SWOT”等工具详细分析了宏观环境、欧亿·体育（中国）有限公司环境和竞争
对手等外部环境的影响，从企业成功的关键要素、核心竞争力和企业存在问题及原因分
析等方面对公司的内部环境作了解剖，制定公司在公益性为主导下的竞争战略。

YIQI 公司是一个具有 60 年历史的大型国有企业，特别在公益性政策下的经营活动
具有很强代表性，对其研究并制定科学的竞争战略不仅是企业发展的需要，同时对同行
业内的企业有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词：城市公交；公益性；竞争战略
Abstract
As a productive, service and public-benefit industry, companies engaged in urban public
transportation play the first process of social economy producing, whose effective function
will directly influence the blossom of urban economy.
On the one hand, the policy of “public transportation priority” has gradually been a
common sense of governments in all levels. They spare no effort to support the growth and
gradual maturity of the public transportation industry including in aspects of urban
transportation plan, laws related and financial priority. On the other hand, the character of
profitability and competition of companies lie in the industry have been weakened by the
standing out public-benefit one. It will be a new and urgent problem for the public
transportation companies to face with. They have to take a serious consideration of converting
their idea of company management so that they can find a more positive way to survive from
a more and more complex market. They should keep adjusting their strategy of developing
according to the tendency of urban public transportation. As well, to enhance their core
competitiveness to take a front seat of the new situation.
The paper below is based on the specialized study of YiQi Company Ltd. Conducted by
the route of “Raise Question—— Analyze Question—— Solve Question”, this essay, which
makes the use of the Michael Porter's Five Forces Model and SWOT analysis throughout, trys to
bring on a rigorous analysis of the external environment, including the macroscopical,
industrial and competitive ones. And the company’s inner environment will be dissected
into several key elements as the decisive factor of management, core competitiveness and the
existing problems. Then a competitive strategy led by the “public benefit” character is coming
out at the very end.
YiQi company is a large-scale State-owned Enterprise with a running history of 60 years,
whose operation under the public benefit policy is strongly representative. The exploratory
study and scientific strategy of competetion of this company will be a reference for
state-owned companies both in and outside the public transportation industry when they make
their plans to take part in the competetive market.
Key words: urban public transportation; public benefit; competitive strategy