大学英语六级考试预测密卷(一)
Model Test One
writing
Part l(30minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic
Cooperation and Competition. You should write at least 150 words, and base composition on the
outline (given in Chinese) below:(注意：在实考试卷中分答题卡Ⅱ和答题卡2，必须在相应的答题
卡上作答。该题在答题卡1上)
1．现代社会竞争与合作同时存在；
2．解释原因；
3．你的观点。

Cooperation and Competition

Part IIReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the
questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-4, mark
Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.
In September of 1997,Moscow celebrated the 850th anniversary of the first reference to the city in AD 1147 in the Ipatievskaya Chronicle, one of several medieval Russian collective historical works. The earliest of these was the Primary Chronicle, compiled by at least six different writer-editors. Begun by Monk Nikon in Kievan Rus in the late 1 lth century, and completed by Monk Nestor in AD 1118,the Primary Chronicle contains information on historic and diplomatic events, as well as treaties, deeds, and prose records of heroic legends. During the 9th and 10th centuries, Kiev became the first national capital and controlled the Russian state. At that time Moscow was an obscure and minor outpost. Moscow's AD 1147 mention in the slightly later Ipatievskaya Chronicle thus marks the beginning of the city's place in Russian history.
Marking this anniversary, Russian archaeologists have been conducting extensive excavations (开凿) in and around the city center of Moscow. During the last fifteen years the artifacts and architectural features thereby uncovered have allowed a significantly improved understanding of medieval Russia. This period has a distinct time frame and refers to different events than the Middle Ages for Western Europe, which began in the 5th century with the fall of the Western Roman Empire to the Germanic barbarians, and whose end corresponds with the discovery and exploration of the New World in the 15th century. The Russian Middle Ages, by contrast, began in the 9th century with the establishment of the Rurik dynasty and ended in the 17th century when Peter the Great ushered Western civilization into Russia.
Several ancient monasteries(修道院)were excavated from the late 1970s to 1988,producing artifacts from the 13th through 17th centuries. Investigations have revealed that 14th century monasteries were built near estates of the nobility, many of whose owners have been established. Some of the most interesting findings from the Medieval period occurred in the areas of the Kremlin and Red Square. In 1989-1993,the painstaking excavation of the Kazan Cathedral on Red Square has permitted its faithful reconstruction. The same project uncovered the first and only birchbark ( 桦皮舟) document ever found in Moscow. This unusual discovery was the impetus for further work in church archaeology. The Area around the Kremlin:
During the Medieval period Moscow was organized into several major sections, including the Kremlin, Kitay-gorod, Beliy Gorod, Zemlyanoy Gorod, Zamoskvoreche, and the area known as the suburbs. The most significant archaeological discoveries have been made in the area of the Kremlin, the
contemporary as well as historic city center.
The Kremlin, situated on a hill 125 feet above the level of the Moscow River, contains many remarkable edifices within its walls, which housed the throne and secular branches of government, as well as the church and the military. Although every medieval Russian town boasts a kremlin (from the Mongol word kreml meaning 'fortress'), Moscow's Kremlin has a particularly rich history. Founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgomkiy, Prince of Moscow, the frost fortress was originally constructed of wood. Dolgomkiy's Kremlin, surrounded by wooden houses, stables and churches, was sacked and burned to the ground during the Mongol invasion in 1238.Yet Moscow's growth and development were virtually unstoppable and the city soon recovered. The Kremlin, and the city which surrounded it were rebuilt, and in 1339 it stood with fortifications (防御工事) made of oak. These oak walls were replaced by stone some forty years later, and it was because of the white color of these new walls that Moscow became known as the 'White City'.
During Kremlin construction projects in 1988 and 1991, hoards of silver jewelry were accidentally discovered by workers at two separate sites. Researchers speculate that the treasure was buffed in anticipation of the Mongolian in invasion of Batu Khan (grandson of Genghis Khan)in 1238,since on other burials of this type, which predate the 12th to 13th centuries, have ever been uncovered in Moscow. Although the contents of the hoards themselves are of great value, even more historical significance is attached to their provenance (起源,出处), namely the northeastem section of the Kremlin, near the 15th century wall. Placement of the treasures in quite significant since this wall had not previously been known to be connected with the pre-Mongolian era.
The Mongols controlled the Russian land for the next 200 years. During the reign of Grand Duke Ivan III ( 1462-1505 ) Moscow continued to expand, tripling in size, and was finally able to defeat the Mongols. In celebration,Ivan III embarked on a vigorous building program, bringing in Italian architects in 1472. In fact, many of the fortifications and cathedrals still standing in Moscow today were designed and constructed by Italian architects and engineers. Excavations revealed fragments of the first ornamental reliefs used in these stone structures, dating from the end of the 15th to the early 16th centuries. Kazan Cathedral and Red Square:
Excavations at the site of the Kazan Cathedral at Red Square revealed its original layout and its Aarchitectural stratigraphy. The original Kazan Cathedral was constructed in 1636 in commemoration of Tsar Mikhail Romanov's victory over the Poles, but was demolished in the 1930s, and replaced by a sidewalk cafe and a park. The Cathedral was dedicated to the Virgin of Kazan, and housed the precious icon of Our Lady of Kazan. In 1993 the Cathedral was rebuilt using the results of archaeological excavations and blueprints drafted by architect Pyotr Baranovskiy.
The Red Square excavation site also produced the first birchbark document discovered in Moscow, a fragment of a legal text dating from the end of the 15th century. Such a find is highly unusual because Moscow's dry, oxidized soil is not conducive to the preservation of birchbark, which occurs, in most cases, in water-logged soil conditions, such as in the Russian city of Novgorod.
The recent archaeological discoveries in Moscow have provided a wealth of new date on Russian history. The attention being paid to rebuilding historical monuments such as the Kazan Cathedral and the particular interest in the Red Square excavations reflect Russia's desire to firmly establish its cultural identity and find its place in the history of Western civilization.
1. The passage mainly describes the archaeology of medieval Moscow and St. Petersburg.
2. Completed before Ipatievskaya Chronicle, the Primary Chronicle covers information on many historic cities.
3. The excavation of 1989-1993 also uncovered the first birchabrk document ever found in Moscow.
4. The Mongols bumed Dolgomkiy's Kremlin to the ground in 1238,so Moscow's growth and development were restrained.
1[Y] [N] [NG] 2[Y] [N] [NG] 3[Y] [N] [NG]4[Y] [N] [NG]

5. A vigorous building progr